Past History
The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) budget has historically
been a significant component of India's annual Union Budget, reflecting the
government's priorities in maintaining internal security and law and order. In
the past, the MHA budget primarily focused on traditional law enforcement
activities, such as policing and counter-terrorism. However, as India has faced
evolving security challenges, the budget has expanded to include initiatives
related to border management, cyber security, and disaster response.
Present Status
The current MHA budget allocates substantial funds to
various security-related initiatives, including:
- Border
Management: Strengthening border infrastructure, deploying border
security forces, and implementing advanced surveillance technologies to
counter infiltration and cross-border crimes.
- Counter-Terrorism:
Enhancing the capabilities of anti-terrorism agencies, providing training
to law enforcement personnel, and investing in intelligence gathering.
- Internal
Security: Maintaining law and order within the country, addressing
issues such as communal violence, left-wing extremism, and criminal
activities.
- Cyber
Security: Developing cyber security infrastructure, training cyber
experts, and protecting critical infrastructure from cyber threats.
- Disaster
Management: Preparing for and responding to natural disasters, such as
floods, earthquakes, and cyclones.
These initiatives have a direct impact on national security
by:
- Protecting
Borders: Preventing infiltration and cross-border crimes, which can
pose a threat to national sovereignty and security.
- Countering
Terrorism: Neutralizing terrorist threats and maintaining public
safety.
- Ensuring
Internal Security: Maintaining law and order and preventing civil
unrest, which can destabilize the country.
- Protecting
Critical Infrastructure: Safeguarding critical infrastructure from
cyber attacks, which can have severe economic and security consequences.
- Responding
to Disasters: Minimizing the impact of natural disasters and
protecting vulnerable populations.
Forthcoming Years
The MHA budget is likely to continue to prioritize internal
security and law and order in the forthcoming years. As India faces new and
emerging security challenges, such as cyber threats, climate change-induced
disasters, and evolving transnational crimes, the government may need to
allocate additional resources to these areas. Moreover, the MHA may explore
innovative approaches to enhance security, such as leveraging technology and
fostering international cooperation.
In conclusion, the MHA budget plays a vital role in ensuring
India's national security. By addressing a wide range of security challenges,
the MHA contributes to maintaining law and order, protecting borders, and
safeguarding the country from external threats. As the security landscape
continues to evolve, the MHA will need to adapt its strategies and allocate
resources accordingly to meet the nation's security needs
Analysis of Indian Economic Strategy and Policy on
National Security
Ministry of Defence Budget
Past History
The Ministry of Defence (MoD) budget has historically been a
significant component of India's overall budget due to the country's complex
security environment. Traditionally, the budget allocation has been focused on
maintaining a large standing army, modernizing the armed forces, and ensuring
preparedness against threats from neighboring countries like Pakistan and
China. Post-independence, the budget was primarily centered on conventional
warfare and territorial defense. The budget grew during periods of conflict
(e.g., the 1962 war with China, the 1965 and 1971 wars with Pakistan) and
during times of tension, such as the Kargil conflict in 1999. However, there
has often been criticism regarding the underutilization of allocated funds,
delays in modernization, and a skewed focus towards revenue expenditure rather
than capital investment.
Present Status
In recent years, the MoD budget has seen a consistent
increase, with the 2024-25 budget reflecting a continued focus on modernizing
the armed forces and enhancing capabilities in areas such as cyber warfare,
space, and artificial intelligence. The budget allocation for the MoD in the
fiscal year 2024-25 was around ₹5.94 lakh crore, which includes the pension
bill for veterans. A significant portion of the budget is earmarked for capital
expenditure, aimed at procurement of new equipment, modernization of existing
platforms, and infrastructure development. However, challenges persist, such as
balancing the need for modernization with the rising pension costs and ensuring
efficient utilization of funds.
Forthcoming Years
Looking ahead, the MoD budget is expected to continue
growing, driven by the need to counter evolving threats, including cyber and
space-based challenges. The focus is likely to shift towards enhancing
indigenous defense production capabilities under the 'Make in India'
initiative, reducing dependence on foreign arms imports. There may also be an
increasing emphasis on integrating advanced technologies like artificial
intelligence, quantum computing, and unmanned systems into the defense
apparatus. Budgetary allocations will need to balance modernization, pension
liabilities, and the strategic necessity of maintaining a credible deterrent
against regional adversaries.
No comments:
Post a Comment