Why India Needs an Internal Security Plan for The Next Five Years By Prakash Singh The writer was formerly Director General of BSF, DGP UP and DGP Assam

 A country projects its strength at the international level in direct proportion to its internal cohesion, its ability to resolve the differences within and not have any swamps where terrorists or extremists of any shade can breed. The dust of elections has settled. The NDA government is firmly in the saddle. The Prime Minister already has a formidable list of achievements to his credit. At the international level, India has prestige, which it probably has never had since Independence. Our economy is on a high trajectory. China has, for the first time, realised that it can no longer bully India and that, beyond a point, India would not shrink from a bloody confrontation. The government should have a well-orchestrated plan for the next five years. On internal security, the following nine points should merit serious attention. One - internal security doctrine Ideally, the country should have a national security doctrine (NSD). The National Security Advisory Board has, from time to time, worked on it and prepared drafts. For inexplicable reasons, those were never approved. All significant powers have an NSD through which they describe the internal and external challenges facing the country and prescribe the policies for dealing with them. If there are any problems in developing the NSD, its internal security component at least, which is simpler, could be worked out. There is too much adhocism in dealing with the internal security challenges, especially when there is a change of government. Two - Internal Security Ministry The Ministry of Home Affairs has become much too heavy and therefore unwieldy. Internal security matters, which demand immediate attention, quite often do not get the prompt and thorough attention they deserve. It is high time that a young, junior minister working in the MHA is given independent charge of internal security. Rajesh Pilot showed what a difference such an arrangement could make.

Taiwan’s Exclusion from Interpol: A Global Security Issue

 Politicking by the Chinese Communist Party

Since 1984, political maneuvering by the Chinese Communist Party has blocked Taiwan's membership in Interpol, preventing the timely sharing of crucial criminal information and intelligence. This exclusion weakens global security and benefits organized crime.

The Insufficiency of Political Placation
Placating the CCP is an insufficient reason for excluding Taiwan from Interpol. To enhance global security, Taiwan should be granted observer status at Interpol’s 92nd General Assembly in Glasgow in November 2024. This status would allow Taiwan to cooperate with Interpol and better combat transnational crime.

Taiwan: A Crucial Law Enforcement Stakeholder
Taiwan plays a vital role in law enforcement within the Asia-Pacific region, possessing critical intelligence and operational capabilities. The National Police Agency (NPA) of Taiwan is renowned for its professionalism and advanced expertise. Internationally, the NPA is actively involved in efforts against terrorism, cybercrime, human trafficking, and drug smuggling, contributing to Taiwan's low crime rates.

Challenges Faced by Taiwanese Nationals
Despite its successes, Taiwanese nationals are still victims of crime both domestically and abroad, and some are involved in transnational organized crime. The NPA’s absence from Interpol restricts the region’s ability to effectively combat such activities.

Human Rights and Humanitarian Concerns
Taiwan’s exclusion from Interpol raises significant human rights and humanitarian issues. Victims of transnational crimes, including human trafficking and terrorism, suffer regardless of geopolitical boundaries. Including Taiwan in Interpol would enhance protection for these victims and strengthen international efforts to prevent and prosecute crimes against humanity. Exclusion allows transnational crime networks to exploit gaps in international cooperation.

A Call for Fairness and Justice
Taiwan’s exclusion from Interpol is a glaring omission. Granting it observer status would uphold principles of fairness and justice, and meaningfully enhance global security cooperation. Setting aside political considerations to focus on de-politicizing the fight against transnational crime is essential for advancing shared goals of security, justice, and human rights worldwide.

Europe's Security Role in the Indo-Pacific: Making It Meaningful

 

U.S. Engagement and European Perspectives

U.S. engagement toward Europe has been effective in highlighting the growing economic challenge posed by China in the Indo-Pacific region and beyond. This alignment of European perspectives and approaches to the Indo-Pacific, although uneven across European capitals, has made the rising economic challenge posed by China a major focus of transatlantic discussions. However, the picture is less clear on defense and security issues, with little consensus or focus from Washington on how Europe should deepen its engagement with countries in the Indo-Pacific.

Unfocused Engagement and Security Challenges

The lack of focused engagement and occasional mixed messages from Washington raises important questions: What security role should the United States seek for Europe in the Indo-Pacific? Can European partners make a meaningful contribution to deterrence and contingency response in the region, and if so, how?

Europe's Interest in the Indo-Pacific

This report finds that Europe has a significant interest in upholding a free and open Indo-Pacific and can contribute to regional security in targeted ways. The deepening cooperation and engagement between Moscow and Beijing underscores that security in Europe and the Indo-Pacific are linked. Therefore, a deeper European role in Indo-Pacific security would be a welcome development and should be encouraged by Washington.

Constraints and Priorities for Europe

Yet, Europe’s role in the region in the near term is constrained by its limited military means and by the direct and intensifying challenge posed by Russia. Europe’s priority should therefore be to ensure its own security in the face of the Russian threat and to build the capacity to enable the United States to shift focus and respond effectively in the event of a military contingency or crisis with China.

Memories of Leonid Brezhnev Evoked by Presidential Debate

 

The recent presidential debate brought back memories of Leonid Brezhnev, the Soviet leader who, despite being only 75 at his death, was plagued by infirmities that contributed to the Soviet Union's eventual collapse.

A Soviet Joke Reflecting Brezhnev's Condition

Thursday’s debate reminded me of an old Soviet joke. During the opening of the Olympic Games in Moscow, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev begins his speech with "O-O-O-O-O." An aide nudges him and whispers, "Comrade Brezhnev, these are the Olympic rings. The text of the speech is below." While exaggerated, this joke underscores Brezhnev's declining capabilities.

Brezhnev's Final Summit with an American President

Consider Brezhnev's last summit with an American president. In June 1979, during the signing of the SALT II arms-control accord in Vienna, Brezhnev struggled to engage in substantive discussions. He delivered his prepared remarks with great difficulty, and when President Carter introduced new topics, Brezhnev had to rely on reading from a set of cards provided by his interpreter

Modi 3.0 and the China Threat: A Tense Battle of Nerves Ahead

Calibrated Moves on Tibet and Taiwan

Prime Minister Narendra Modi's third term indicates a strategic and calibrated approach towards China, particularly concerning Tibet and Taiwan. These moves could potentially end the ongoing border stalemate or exacerbate the crisis further.

Historical Context and Current Challenges

The relationship between India and China, crucial for India's rise, is often debated along political and ideological lines. As Modi's government begins its third term, there is uncertainty about whether it will continue with previous policies or adopt a new approach. The backdrop of an ominous military buildup along the Himalayan borders has created a dangerous flashpoint between two of the world's most powerful armies.

Collapse of the Bilateral Framework

The bilateral framework established in the 1990s has collapsed, mainly due to China's power advantage and its attempts to redraw the status quo along the 3,440 km-long Line of Actual Control (LAC). Despite India's efforts to persuade China to revert to the pre-2020 status quo, these efforts have failed, leading to a dangerous military confrontation.

Need for a New Bilateral Framework

To prevent an eventual catastrophic conflict, there is an urgent need for a new bilateral framework. However, with China adopting a maximalist position, India's options are limited to acceptance or aggression. Twenty-one rounds of military-level talks have achieved some progress, but not enough to break the deadlock.

India's Strategic Responses

In response to the ongoing crisis, India is enhancing its border infrastructure and exploring external balancing by aligning closer with the US and its regional allies. However, these measures have not given India enough leverage to force China to de-escalate.

Importance of Political Dialogue

Some voices advocate for a resumption of political-level dialogue to understand each other's positions better and possibly find common ground. Former Indian foreign secretary Vijay Gokhale suggests that political dialogue might help in risk management and modernizing the outdated agreements from the 1990s.

Chinese Perspective and Misalignment

Chinese incursions have continued even during high-level meetings between leaders. The Chinese perspective, as analyzed by scholars like Antara Ghosal Singh, suggests that China is preparing for the worst at the LAC and views India's stance as uncooperative. This misalignment between the two nations' expectations continues to exacerbate the stalemate.

Leveraging External Partnerships

India is leveraging its partnerships with the US and other allies to create more strategic options. Recent developments, such as India's plans to rename places in Tibet and hosting a bipartisan US Congressional delegation supporting Tibet, signal a stronger stance against China's aggression.

Economic and Political Moves

Modi's government has also taken steps like refusing to resume direct civilian flights with China and avoiding direct interactions with Chinese President Xi Jinping. These moves are part of a broader strategy to gain leverage and force China into meaningful engagement.

China's Strategic Calculations

China views India's attempts to tie normalization of relations to the resolution of the border crisis as arrogance and remains confident in its superior power position. Chinese scholars believe that despite India's dynamic diplomacy and deepening ties with the West, India will ultimately be forced to accept China's primacy in Asia.

Conclusion: A Battle of Nerves

Modi's recent moves indicate a battle of nerves between India and China. While external balancing and a fast-growing economy are India's best options, the outcome of the US presidential elections could significantly influence the geopolitical landscape. The road ahead is fraught with challenges, but Modi's strategic responses will play a crucial role in shaping the future of India-China relations

America's Religious Freedom Report: Main Purpose Political Motives and Misrepresentations

 

Politically Motivated Criticism

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken's recent criticisms of India, based on the State Department’s annual International Religious Freedom Report, appear politically motivated. Indian observers suggest these remarks coincide with the Indian Prime Minister’s potential visit to Moscow, highlighting the geopolitical underpinnings of the report.

A Pattern of Unsolicited Advice

The United States has a history of issuing unsolicited advice to sovereign nations based on self-certified reports. This pattern continues with the latest report, which has been criticized by Indian External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Bangladeshi Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina for its coercive and interventionist nature.

Impact on International Relations

Despite the critical tone of these reports, they have little tangible impact on international relations. Typically, the Indian government responds with a statement denouncing the report as biased, but no substantial counter-study is provided to challenge the American narrative.

Geopolitical and Economic Dependencies

The Indian government remains focused on diversifying its defense procurement away from Russia while maintaining friendly relations with the US. The American administration, meanwhile, expresses its dissatisfaction with India's geopolitical strategies through reports and press conferences, often based on skewed statistics.

The Democrat Government's Stance

The current US administration under President Biden has been particularly critical of India's rise. Reports on religious freedom contain inaccuracies and lack thorough analysis, reflecting a broader confusion in American foreign policy.

Misrepresentation of Facts

The report's portrayal of religious freedom in India often lacks factual accuracy. For instance, it exaggerates the scale of Christian protests in New Delhi and criticizes laws against forced religious conversions without acknowledging the broader context of religious tensions in the region.

Ignoring Other Minorities

While the report focuses extensively on perceived issues faced by Muslims, it overlooks the challenges faced by other minority communities in India, such as Parsis and Jains, who receive little political attention or protection.

Questionable Neutrality

The neutrality of the report is questioned due to the involvement of officials with specific religious and political backgrounds, such as Rashad Hussain, the US Ambassador-at-Large for International Religious Freedom, whose past affiliations suggest potential bias.

Propaganda and Lack of Counter-Narratives

The US State Department's reports, along with those from the USCIRF, are often seen as political propaganda. The Indian government has labeled the USCIRF as a biased organization, pointing out its connections with influential donors and religious networks. Despite these criticisms, these reports remain influential due to the lack of alternative studies.

The Need for Balanced Studies

In an interconnected world, there is a pressing need for more balanced and intellectually rigorous studies on religious freedom. Without these, indigenous faiths and communities risk being misrepresented and marginalized on the global stage

PM Gati Shakti Scheme Lauded by Morgan Stanley for Boosting Infrastructure Development

 

India's Rising Infrastructure Investment

A recent report by Morgan Stanley highlights India's significant progress in infrastructure development, particularly due to the PM Gati Shakti scheme. The report projects a robust increase in infrastructure investment, rising from 5.3% to 6.5% of GDP by 2029 (F29). This growth, driven by a strong 15.3% CAGR, is expected to reach a cumulative total of USD 1.45 trillion over the next five years. This investment is anticipated to foster high productive growth and enhance overall investment rates.

PM Gati Shakti: Transforming Infrastructure Landscape

Morgan Stanley commends the PM Gati Shakti scheme for its role in streamlining infrastructure development. The scheme integrates 16 ministries for coordinated planning, focusing on multi-modal connectivity and logistics efficiency. This approach has yielded tangible results in project completion and sectoral development.

Improved Logistics Performance

The report cites the World Bank's Logistics Index Report 2023 to showcase India's improved logistics performance. Notably, the average container dwell time in India is just three days, compared to four days in countries like the UAE and South Africa, seven days in the USA, and ten days in Germany. Additionally, Indian ports boast a turnaround time of 0.9 days, outperforming the USA (1.5 days), Australia (1.7 days), and Singapore (1.0 day).

PM Gati Shakti in Action

Launched in October 2021, PM Gati Shakti is a digital platform that fosters collaboration between 16 ministries, including Railways and Roadways. This platform facilitates integrated planning and coordinated implementation of infrastructure connectivity projects. The scheme focuses on multi-modal connectivity, aiming to provide seamless movement of people, goods, and services across various transportation modes. It encompasses seven key sectors: roads, railways, airports, ports, mass transport, waterways, and logistics infrastructure.

Early Signs of Success

According to the Morgan Stanley report, initiatives under PM Gati Shakti are already delivering results. In the ports and shipping sectors alone, 101 projects worth Rs 609 billion have been identified for implementation. As of April 2023, 26 projects (Rs 89 billion) have been completed, 42 projects (Rs 153.4 billion) are under development, and 33 projects (Rs 366.4 billion) are under implementation. Notably, 14 projects worth Rs 205.4 billion were expected to be completed by December 2023.

The Ministry of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways (MoPSW) is further implementing a Comprehensive Port Connectivity Plan in coordination with other relevant ministries. Additionally, the report highlights the success of the Sagarmala program, with 220 projects (Rs 1.12 trillion) completed, 231 projects (Rs 2.21 trillion) under implementation, and 351 projects (Rs 2.07 trillion) at the evaluation stage.

Development activities have also begun in the first 13 of the 26 identified viable National Waterways.

Who’s Afraid of a Falling Yuan?

 

Recent Depreciation of Asian Currencies

The Chinese yuan is currently in the spotlight due to its recent depreciation against the dollar, alongside other Asian currencies. Speculation has arisen over whether Beijing is engaging in competitive devaluation or planning to do so, raising concerns about potential trade conflicts.

Examination of Yuan Devaluation

The short answer to the speculation is no. The yuan has indeed lost significant value against the dollar in onshore trading, which is closely managed by Beijing within a specific exchange-rate band. It reached a seven-month low of 7.27 yuan to the dollar on Wednesday, marking five consecutive months of decline. Similarly, the offshore yuan, where Beijing exerts less control, depreciated to about 7.30 yuan to the dollar.

Beijing's Approach to Currency Management

Beijing appears to be allowing a modest depreciation of the yuan, as seen by the gradual weakening of the administered midpoint for the onshore yuan. However, this does not seem to be a deliberate strategy to gain a competitive advantage in export markets, contrary to what some American trade advocates suggest. The onshore exchange rate continues to test the lower limits of Beijing's trading range, with the Chinese government resisting deeper devaluation.

Preferences of China's Leadership

President Xi Jinping and the Communist Party leadership likely favor a stronger yuan to support their goal of expanding its use as a global trading currency. In January, Xi emphasized that a "strong currency" is crucial for the development of China's financial markets, indicating a preference for a more robust yuan

Surging Returns Lure Private Equity Giants to India

 

Initial Setbacks and Learning Curve

Two decades ago, Blackstone Inc. identified India as a promising market, establishing an office in Mumbai in 2005. The firm initially invested heavily in minority stakes across multiple companies. However, within two years, many of these investments had to be written down to almost zero. "We were new to India, and we were learning," says Amit Dixit, Blackstone’s head of Asia for private equity. The sector was still in its nascent stages.

Strategic Shift and Success

Despite early challenges, Blackstone remained committed to the Indian market. The firm replaced its India head and shifted its strategy to focus on acquiring majority stakes. By building relationships with a new wave of entrepreneurs and integrating its Indian ventures with its global operations, Blackstone established a strong foothold in India. Today, India ranks as Blackstone's third-largest investment market after the US and the UK, with returns surpassing those from any other country.

ग्रेट निकोबार आयलँड मे भारत का एक बहुत महत्व का सामरिक प्रोजेक्ट जिसे हम...

ग्रेट निकोबार आयलँड मे भारत का एक बहुत महत्व का सामरिक प्रोजेक्ट जिसे हम...

From Ukraine to Taiwan: How 'Zones of Denial' Strategies Dominate 21st-Century Modern Warfare

 A New Era of Modern Warfare

Anti-access/area denial (A2/AD) tactics are revolutionizing modern warfare. These strategies aim to prevent adversaries from entering a theatre of operations and limit their freedom of action within it, fundamentally altering the geopolitical landscape.

Ukraine: Drones as Game Changers

In the ongoing conflict between Ukraine and Russia, the use of drones highlights the effectiveness of A2/AD strategies. Ukraine has successfully deployed unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to disrupt and destroy Russian tank formations. These inexpensive and readily available drones act as persistent threats, complicating Russian maneuvers and diminishing their armored superiority. This asymmetric approach leverages technology to create zones of denial, significantly hindering traditional heavy armor operations.

Economic Efficiency of A2/AD

The economic efficiency of A2/AD strategies is evident in Ukraine's use of drones. For instance, Ukrainian drones, like the A22, cost approximately $300,000 each, while Russian T-90 tanks can exceed $4.5 million. This disparity underscores the advantage of using cost-effective drones to neutralize much more expensive armored vehicles. The substantial costs inflicted on Russia have bogged down one of the world’s most formidable strike forces.

The Houthis: Disrupting Global Trade

In the Red Sea, the non-state Houthis have imposed a maritime curfew using missiles and drones costing less than $200,000. This strategy has forced 12% of the world’s cargo, including 30% of container cargo, to navigate via South Africa, significantly increasing shipping costs. If the disruption persists, it could add as much as 2% to global inflation. The Houthis' ability to dramatically disrupt global trade with inexpensive technology exemplifies the power of A2/AD in leveraging geographical chokepoints.

Taiwan: A2/AD as a Defensive Strategy

Facing the threat of a Chinese attack, Taiwan has adopted A2/AD as a key component of its defense strategy. By developing a network of missile batteries, anti-ship cruise missiles, and advanced air defense systems, Taiwan aims to make the cost of aggression prohibitively high for Beijing. The credible threat of attrition serves as a deterrent, reinforcing Taiwan's defensive posture.

China: Countering US Naval Dominance

China has also developed robust A2/AD capabilities, focusing on countering the United States’ naval dominance. The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) has invested heavily in anti-ship ballistic missiles (ASBMs), such as the DF-21D, known as the “carrier killer.” These missiles are designed to target US aircraft carriers, creating vast zones of denial and undermining American power projection in the Asia-Pacific region. China's strategic intent is to assert control over contested areas like the South China Sea and deter US intervention in regional conflicts.

 The Evolution of Warfare

The evolution of A2/AD strategies marks a significant shift in modern warfare. Traditional platforms like tanks and aircraft carriers, once symbols of overwhelming power, now face unprecedented challenges from relatively low-cost, high-impact technologies. The essence of A2/AD is to deny freedom of movement and operational flexibility to adversaries, redefining the principles of deterrence and defense. In this new paradigm, defense becomes the new offense, fundamentally reshaping the nature of conflict in the 21st century

The Philippines' Maritime Sovereignty in the South China Sea Dispute

 

The Philippines' maritime sovereignty has become a focal point in the South China Sea dispute amidst escalating tensions between an aggressive Beijing and an assertive Washington. Central to this conflict is China’s ‘Blue Dragon’ strategy and its recent confrontational actions against the Philippines.

China's Aggressive Tactics

The Philippines is currently confronting China’s ‘Blue Dragon’ strategy, particularly at the Second Thomas Shoal. A small Filipino contingent aboard the grounded vessel ‘Sierra Madre’ faces aggressive maneuvers from Chinese coast guard vessels, including water cannon attacks, boat ramming, and threats with weapons. These actions have resulted in injuries to Filipino seamen and have been likened to acts of piracy.

Strategic Importance of the Second Thomas Shoal

The Second Thomas Shoal, known as Ayungin in the Philippines and Ren’ai Jiao in China, has become a critical flashpoint, overtaking Taiwan in significance. China’s claim over the South China Sea, encapsulated within the ten-dash line, includes this area, which is much closer to the Philippines than to China. The region’s potential oil and gas reserves fuel these disputes, threatening to shift the balance of power in the South China Sea.

Historical Context of the Sierra Madre

The Sierra Madre, originally a 1944 US warship, was grounded deliberately by the Philippines in 1999 at the Second Thomas Shoal to assert its presence after China occupied the nearby Mischief Reef in 1994. The marines on the Sierra Madre, rotating every three months, face ongoing Chinese attempts to interdict their supply vessels. The Chinese expect the deteriorating Sierra Madre to break up soon, allowing them to take control.

China's Maritime Strategy and ASEAN Responses

China’s strategy involves asserting sovereignty over the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs) of ASEAN countries, including the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Vietnam, and Indonesia, based on its traditional ten-dash line concept. While Vietnam has shifted towards economic partnership with China, Malaysia and Brunei have avoided direct confrontation. Indonesia faces contention with China over the North Natuna Sea, where Chinese fishing vessels, protected by the coast guard, operate illegally.

Legal and Diplomatic Challenges

China's 2021 Coast Guard law empowers its coast guard to act against perceived infringements within its claimed EEZs. Despite a 2016 arbitral award from the Permanent Court of Arbitration favoring the Philippines, China continues to assert its claims, ignoring international rules under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

The Philippines' Strategic Response

Under President Marcos Jr, the Philippines has adopted a three-pronged strategy to assert its claims over the Second Thomas Shoal:

1. Renewing US Base Arrangements: The Philippines has revitalized its military agreements with the US, allowing American use of northern bases close to Taiwan in a potential crisis.
2. Strengthening Quad Relationships: The Philippines has bolstered ties with Quad countries (Japan, Australia, and India), benefiting from Japan’s security assistance and support from Australia. It is also the first ASEAN country to acquire India’s BrahMos shore-based missile battery.
3. Repairing the Sierra Madre: Efforts to repair the deteriorating Sierra Madre signal the Philippines' determination to maintain its presence on the shoal despite Chinese opposition.

International Support and Regional Dynamics

The Philippines has garnered significant support from Quad countries, forming a closer military alliance termed 'Squad' with the US, Japan, and Australia. Although India provides military aid, it remains outside the direct military discussions, aligning with its policy of strategic cooperation without explicitly confronting China.

ASEAN's Delicate Position

ASEAN’s response to the conflict has been constrained by a cautious approach towards China. Despite a collective statement urging dialogue and peaceful resolution, ASEAN’s varied positions reflect a reluctance to antagonize China.

Conclusion and Future Outlook

The Philippines, through its assertive stance and international partnerships, has drawn significant attention to its maritime sovereignty issues. As the US and its allies integrate the Philippines into their broader strategy against China’s dominance in the region, the potential for accidental conflict looms. The international community’s reaction to such incidents will be pivotal in maintaining regional peace or escalating tensions into limited conflicts

The Chinese Concept of "Runxue" or “run-ology”

 

Chinese call it “runxue” or “run-ology” — the study of escaping China and taking your wealth with you. The word plays on the English verb “run”, which sounds like a Chinese character “run”, meaning profitable. The “ology” hints at the fact that emigrating overseas is no easy task.

The Complexity of Emigration

Working out where to go, how to get there, and then finding ways to smuggle your capital out of China can be an obscure science. The term "runxue" became popular inside China in 2022 when Beijing’s draconian Covid lockdown incited people to dream of a life abroad. This year, the “running” has become a concerted sprint for the exit.

The Surge in Millionaire Migration

Record numbers of Chinese millionaires and multimillionaires are expected to emigrate from their homeland this year, building on the record number who left last year, according to a report by Henley & Partners, a UK-based investment migration firm. The exodus puts China far out in front of a list of countries from which “high net worth individuals” are evacuating for a better life or prospects elsewhere. An estimated 15,200 Chinese millionaires are predicted to emigrate this year, up from 13,800 who actually left China last year, Henley & Partners said.

A Profound Shift in Global Wealth

“This great millionaire migration is a canary in the coal mine, signalling a profound shift in the global landscape and tectonic plates of wealth and power,” says Henley’s Dominic Volek. China’s loss is mirrored by the net inflows of wealthy people into other countries. At the top of the leaderboard are the United Arab Emirates, the US, Singapore, and Canada. Japan, where Chinese billionaire Jack Ma sojourned for some months in 2022 after falling out of favour in Beijing, is also seeing inflows of millionaires.

A Commentary on Xi Jinping's Rule

For Xi Jinping, China’s strongman leader, the trend represents a commentary on his rule. His advocacy since 2021 of “common prosperity” included a promise that high-income people will have to “return more to society” for the betterment of those left behind in China’s dash for growth over the past four decades. On one level, this determination to spread the benefits of China’s rise more evenly was laudable. But the jarring and often arbitrary way it has been pursued — with a crackdown on the property sector, the humbling of private entrepreneurs, and official exhortations against “greed” — has swelled the desire to emigrate.

Economic Incompetence and the Desire to Emigrate

“President Xi Jinping is unfortunately an incompetent leader when it comes to the economy,” says Junhua Zhang of the European Institute for Asian Studies, a think-tank in Brussels. “For wealthy people, if they cannot generate more wealth in the country, then the only solution is to change their location.”

The Trade-Offs of Emigration

But once they have decided to leave China, wealthy people face a series of trade-offs. Where to go is the first. Preferred destinations in a world riven by conflict should be safe, so geographically remote places such as New Zealand and Australia are sometimes favoured. Other locations have rolled out the regulatory red carpet. The UAE and Portugal both have “golden visa” systems to fast-track immigration for wealthy investors, a feature that Chinese have found particularly attractive. The US and Canada also have their own distinct draws — good schools and universities, large Chinese communities, and civil freedoms. Japan, for its part, has proximity to China, an Asian culture, and good social order.

The Challenge of Smuggling Wealth

Perhaps the most challenging aspect of “run-ology” is getting your money out with you. To prevent capital flight, Beijing limits the amount that a citizen can take out of the country to $50,000 in foreign currency each year — a paltry sum compared to the cost of starting a new high-end life overseas. So many would-be migrants are left with little choice but to turn to “underground banks” to help spirit their wealth abroad. These shadowy institutions deploy numerous sleights of hand to transfer money across borders without law enforcement agencies noticing. One method is known as the “mirror transfer”, under which a sum of money is deposited in one underground bank in China. The same amount is then withdrawn from a reciprocal underground bank in another country. The money never actually moves, leaving little trail for detectives to follow.

The Role of Underground Banks

The US Department of Homeland Security said in a statement in April that such Chinese money laundering organisations — which have become among the favoured financial conduits for criminal gangs and drug cartels — were also used by ordinary Chinese citizens simply trying to get cash abroad.

Adapting to Life Overseas

But even after such obstacles to migration have been overcome, wealthy Chinese can find life overseas brings a whole new set of unfamiliarities. Adapting to new food, weather, and politics can be tricky. But the more intractable problems are societal. “If you are a social butterfly who cannot live without social activities, then northern Europe will definitely not suit you,” says one Chinese influencer online. “In northern Europe, there is a level of social fear…most people stay within a fixed group of a few friends. So it won’t be much fun.

Rajiv Malhotra's Insights on Ivy League Influence and Wokeism

 

 Profit Motives Behind Indian Billionaires' Support

Rajiv Malhotra ji explains that the support of Indian billionaires for wokeism and the anti-Hindu agenda of institutions like Harvard is not due to their being anti-national or anti-Hindu. The real reason lies in profit and their business interests in the West. For example, over a decade ago, when the US Congress was considering imposing heavy fees on H visa holders, the Tata Group donated $50 million to Harvard. This was part of a larger strategy where businesses are compelled by the deep state to contribute funds, ensuring their compliance if they wish to profit from their activities in the West.

The Deep State and Its Geopolitical Agenda

Rajiv Malhotra highlights that even Jewish communities are troubled by the woke agenda against Israel, which often favors Muslims. The deep state, primarily composed of leftist Jews, created and utilized woke forces to oppose Trump and further their geopolitical goals. This was evident when 900 professors supported the "Dismantle Hindutva" conference despite US Hindus protesting against it. These forces, nurtured and empowered by the deep state, are strong enough to be controlled if they deviate from the intended agenda. Despite Biden's rhetoric about disciplining Netanyahu, Palestinians continue to face severe violence with US-provided ammunition.

Deep State Influence in India

Malhotra also discusses how the deep state is pushing for a caste census and promoting a Dalit-Muslim partnership in India through questionable Harvard studies. This is part of a strategy to fracture India, a theme Malhotra explored in his book "Breaking India" two decades ago. He points out that Dalit Hindus are the primary victims of Islamic violence in places like West Bengal, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. In Uttar Pradesh, many of those engaged in violence are part of a deep state missionary agenda.

Understanding the Deep State's Strategies

Rajiv Malhotra urges that it's crucial to understand the deep state's agenda. Western leaders are merely puppets of this deep state. Friendships and alliances are temporary, based on whether they serve the deep state's global domination objectives. They may publicly embrace their allies while secretly plotting to undermine them, either politically or physically. The deep state employs ruthlessness, deception, and efficiency to further its agenda

Rising Extremism in Bengal: A Growing Concern

 

 Recent Bust of Terror Module 'Shahadat'

The issue of extremism in Bengal is escalating, with inadequate political measures to counteract Islamist groups. The recent dismantling of an Islamist terror module named ‘Shahadat’ by the Bengal Police’s Special Task Force (STF) highlights the severity of the situation.

Radicalization of Mohammad Habibullah

Mohammad Habibullah, the leader of this module, is a second-year computer science student at Mankar College in Purba Bardhaman. A senior Bengal Police officer described the 21-year-old as highly radicalized, with strong connections to leaders of Bangladeshi terror outfits.

Habibullah's Background and Recruitment

Habibullah, a reserved and soft-spoken individual from Mirpara village in Paschim Bardhaman, was detained by the STF, which seized several electronic devices from him. Counter-terrorism experts revealed that ‘Shahadat’ is the Bengal wing of Bangladesh’s Shahadat-e al-Hiqme, linked to the Ansarullah Bangla Team (ABT) and Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS).

Formation and Activities of Shahadat

Habibullah established ‘Shahadat’ in late 2022, at the age of 19. He had been in contact with radical Islamist groups online since Class VII and was groomed by ABT and Shahadat-e al-Hiqme operatives. The STF also detained five more youths recruited by Habibullah from Purba and Paschim Bardhaman.

Espionage Attempts in Panagarh

Habibullah was arrested in Panagarh, home to significant defense establishments. He was tasked with gathering sensitive information about the movement of aircraft and troops, but his efforts were largely unsuccessful. However, his radicalization and role as the ‘Amir’ (head) of a terror cell remain alarming.

Links with Other Radical Outfits

‘Shahadat’ has connections with Hyderabad-based Darsgah-Jihad-O-Shahadat, which is linked to Pakistani terror outfits controlled by ISI. The radicalization of Habibullah and other youths in Bardhaman districts has raised serious concerns among security and intelligence agencies.

Radicalization in Mosques and Madrassas

Radical clerics in mosques and unregistered madrassas are primarily responsible for the radicalization of both illiterate and educated Muslim youths. These clerics target academically proficient students, grooming them for terror activities and leveraging their computer skills for operations on the dark web.

Political Challenges in Tackling Extremism

Efforts to monitor and control radicalization are hindered by political constraints. Bengal’s political leadership, including Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee, is reluctant to implement extensive surveillance on clerics, mosques, and madrassas due to fear of alienating Muslim voters and powerful Muslim politicians with links to Islamist outfits.

 The Urgent Need for Action

The discovery of Habibullah’s ‘Shahadat’ module is just the tip of a potentially dangerous iceberg threatening Bengal and India’s security. Without decisive action from the ruling dispensation in Bengal, the risk posed by radical Islamist groups will continue to grow, endangering national security.

examples from Marathi literature in Creating awareness about national security in Maharashtra and motivating young children ,the youth to build national spirit in Maharashtra?

 Marathi literature has been instrumental in creating awareness about national security and motivating young children and youth to build national spirit in Maharashtra. Here are some specific examples:

1. Veer Savarkar - "Saha Soneri Pane"

Vinayak Damodar Savarkar's "Saha Soneri Pane" (Six Golden Pages) is a historical account of six significant events in Indian history. Through his vivid narration and emphasis on the importance of strategic thinking, self-reliance, and courage, Savarkar instills a sense of duty and awareness about national security among readers. His works have been particularly influential in motivating the youth towards patriotic action.

2. Shripad Amrit Dange - "Kranti Gatha"

"Kranti Gatha" by Shripad Amrit Dange is a collection of patriotic songs and poems that highlight the sacrifices made by freedom fighters for India's independence. These poems serve as a reminder of the continuous need to safeguard the nation's security and inspire young readers to remain vigilant and proactive in protecting their country.

3. Vishnu Vaman Shirwadkar (Kusumagraj) - "Vishakha"

Kusumagraj's poetry collection "Vishakha" contains many poems that evoke a strong sense of nationalism and concern for the nation's security. His poems often reflect on the sacrifices made by soldiers and the importance of unity and vigilance, encouraging young minds to appreciate and contribute to national security.

4. Nath Madhav (Lt. Col. Bapusaheb Deshpande) - "Pavan Khind"

"Pavan Khind" by Nath Madhav, which is the pen name of Lt. Col. Bapusaheb Deshpande, recounts the heroic battle of Pavan Khind, where the Maratha warrior Baji Prabhu Deshpande made a supreme sacrifice to ensure Shivaji Maharaj's escape from enemy forces. This historical novel emphasizes bravery, strategic planning, and the importance of readiness to defend the nation, inspiring young readers with tales of valor and patriotism.

5. Babasaheb Purandare - "Raja Shiv Chhatrapati"

Babasaheb Purandare's "Raja Shiv Chhatrapati" is an extensive biography of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, one of Maharashtra's greatest warriors and a symbol of strategic acumen and national pride. This work highlights Shivaji's military strategies, his efforts in fortifying the Maratha empire, and his relentless dedication to protecting his people, serving as an inspirational guide for the youth on the importance of national security and leadership.

6. V. S. Khandekar - "Yayati"

V. S. Khandekar’s "Yayati", while mythological in nature, carries themes of duty, sacrifice, and strategic foresight. These themes are crucial for young readers to understand the broader aspects of national security, leadership, and the importance of making sacrifices for the greater good.

7. Acharya Atre - "Karheche Pani"

P. K. Atre's autobiography "Karheche Pani" delves into his experiences during the freedom struggle and his efforts in social and political reforms. His reflections on the importance of a strong, secure, and independent nation serve to motivate young readers to take an active interest in their country's security and well-being.

8. Vinda Karandikar - Patriotic Poems

Vinda Karandikar’s patriotic poems are known for their powerful language and themes of national pride and security. Poems like "Rakshabandhan" (Bond of Protection) underscore the importance of safeguarding the nation and inspire young readers to contribute towards national security.

9. Shivaji Sawant - "Mrityunjay"

Shivaji Sawant’s "Mrityunjay" narrates the story of Karna from the Mahabharata, emphasizing themes of valor, duty, and integrity. These themes resonate with the concepts of national security and inspire the youth to adopt a strong, principled approach towards protecting their nation.

Conclusion

Marathi literature has made significant contributions to creating awareness about national security and motivating the youth in Maharashtra to build a national spirit. Through historical narratives, patriotic poems, and inspirational biographies, these literary works have instilled a sense of duty, pride, and readiness in young readers, encouraging them to actively participate in safeguarding and building their nation.

What role does literature play in Nation life building?

 Literature plays a crucial role in nation-building, contributing to the development of a nation's identity, culture, and cohesion in several significant ways. 

1. Cultural Preservation and Promotion

Literature helps preserve and promote a nation’s cultural heritage by documenting traditions, customs, folklore, and historical narratives. It keeps the collective memory of a people alive and passes it on to future generations, ensuring the continuity of cultural identity.

2. National Identity Formation

Through stories, poetry, and plays, literature shapes and reflects a nation's identity. It provides a shared set of symbols, myths, and narratives that help define what it means to belong to a particular nation. Writers often explore themes of national identity, history, and values, contributing to a collective sense of belonging.

3. Social and Political Critique

Literature often serves as a platform for social and political critique, allowing writers to comment on issues such as justice, equality, and governance. This critical function can inspire social change and influence national policies, as literature can raise awareness and mobilize public opinion.

4. Fostering Unity and Understanding

By exploring diverse experiences and perspectives, literature fosters empathy and understanding among different groups within a nation. It can bridge gaps between various ethnic, linguistic, and social groups, promoting national unity and cohesion.

5. Educational Tool

Literature is a vital educational tool that enriches language skills, critical thinking, and creativity. It introduces readers to complex ideas and different ways of thinking, fostering an informed and engaged citizenry that can contribute thoughtfully to national discourse.

6. Inspiration and Motivation

Literary works often provide inspiration and motivation, offering visions of hope, resilience, and progress. Such narratives can galvanize people, encouraging them to strive for a better future and to work collectively towards national development.

7. Reflecting and Shaping Public Sentiment

Literature reflects the prevailing moods, hopes, and anxieties of a nation. It can also shape public sentiment by influencing how people perceive their nation’s past, present, and future. This reflective and shaping role makes literature a powerful tool in guiding national consciousness.

8. Global Representation

Literature serves as a representation of a nation on the global stage. Through translated works and international recognition of its authors, a nation can project its culture, values, and stories to the world, contributing to a global cultural dialogue and fostering international respect and understanding.

Examples from History

• United States: Literature played a significant role in the abolitionist movement, with works like Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" galvanizing anti-slavery sentiments.
• India: Rabindranath Tagore’s writings fostered a sense of national identity and unity during the struggle for independence from British rule.
• Russia: Authors like Tolstoy and Dostoevsky have provided deep insights into Russian society and contributed to the philosophical and cultural discourse of the nation.

Conclusion

In essence, literature is not just a reflection of national life but also a powerful tool in shaping it. It is instrumental in building a cohesive, informed, and culturally rich nation. Through its multifaceted roles, literature contributes significantly to the ongoing project of nation-building

चीनच्या ग्रे झोन युद्धावर प्रकाशित झालेली पुस्तके

 

चीनचे ग्रे झोन युद्ध ही एक रणनीती आहे जी पारंपारिक लष्करी संघर्षाच्या खाली थांबते, परंतु प्रतिस्पर्धीला कमकुवत करण्यासाठी किंवा फायदा मिळवण्यासाठी डिझाइन केलेल्या विविध उपायांचा वापर करते. यात सायबर हल्ले, प्रचार मोहिमा, आर्थिक दबाव आणि राजकीय हस्तक्षेप यांचा समावेश असू शकतो.

चीनच्या ग्रे झोन युद्धावर प्रकाशित झालेली काही पुस्तके खालीलप्रमाणे आहेत:

• "चीनचे ग्रे झोन युद्ध: अमेरिकेवर नवीन धोका" (लेखक: मायकल पिल्सबरी): हे पुस्तक चीनची ग्रे झोन रणनीती कशी विकसित झाली आणि अमेरिकेसह इतर देशांना ते कसे धोका निर्माण करते याचा तपास करते.
• "हायब्रीड युद्ध: चीनचा नवीन युद्धकला" (लेखक: फ्रँक ऑफ्नर): हे पुस्तक चीनची हायब्रीड युद्ध रणनीती कशी कार्य करते आणि त्याचा सामना कसा करायचा यावर लक्ष केंद्रित करते.
• "शांत युद्ध: चीन कसे अमेरिकेला जिंकत आहे" (लेखक: एलिझाबेथ एकॉन): हे पुस्तक चीन कसे अमेरिकेवर आर्थिक आणि तंत्रज्ञानाचा वापर करून प्रभाव टाकत आहे याचा तपास करते.
• "चीनचे अदृश्य हात: जागतिक व्यवस्थेवर त्याचा वाढता प्रभाव" (लेखक: क्लॉडिया अल्ब्रेस): हे पुस्तक चीन कसे जागतिक व्यवस्थेवर त्याचा प्रभाव वाढवत आहे आणि यामुळे निर्माण होणाऱ्या आव्हानांचा तपास करते.

टीप:

• वरील यादी पूर्ण नाही आणि या विषयावर अनेक इतर पुस्तके प्रकाशित झाली आहेत.
• आपण आपल्या स्थानिक लायब्ररी किंवा पुस्तक विक्रेत्याकडे या पुस्तकांबद्दल अधिक माहिती मिळवू शकता.

चीनच्या ग्रे झोन युद्धाची जटिलता समजून घेण्यासाठी वरील पुस्तके वाचणे उपयुक्त ठरेल.

याव्यतिरिक्त, खाली काही उपयुक्त संसाधने आहेत:

• अमेरिकन एंटरप्राइझ इन्स्टिट्यूट: https://www.aei.org/
• सेंटर फॉर स्ट्रॅटेजिक अँड इंटरनॅशनल स्टडीज: https://www.csis.org/
• काउन्सिल ऑन फॉरेन रिलेशन्स: https://www.cfr.org/

या संसाधनांमध्ये चीनच्या ग्रे झोन युद्ध आणि इतर आंतरराष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा आव्हानांवर विविध लेख आणि अहवाल उपलब्ध आहेत.

1971 च्या भारत-पाकिस्तान युद्धावर मराठी भाषेत प्रकाशित झालेली पुस्तके:

 

1971 च्या भारत-पाकिस्तान युद्धाने भारताच्या इतिहासातील एका निर्णायक क्षणाचे प्रतिनिधित्व केले. या युद्धाचा परिणाम बांगलादेशच्या स्वातंत्र्यात झाला आणि भारतीय उपमहाद्वीपावर मोठा प्रभाव पडला. या युद्धावर अनेक पुस्तके प्रकाशित झाली आहेत, जी या संघर्षाचे विविध पैलू समजून घेण्यास मदत करतात.

मराठी भाषेत प्रकाशित झालेल्या काही महत्त्वपूर्ण पुस्तकांचा समावेश आहे:

• "सामरसंग्राम: 1971 चं भारत-पाकिस्तान युद्ध" (लेखक: जनरल के.एस. थापर): हे पुस्तक एका वरिष्ठ भारतीय सैन्य अधिकाऱ्याच्या दृष्टिकोनातून युद्धाचे वर्णन करते. यात लढायांचे तपशीलवार वर्णन, सैन्य रणनीती आणि युद्धाचे राजकीय परिणाम यांचा समावेश आहे.
• "बांगलादेशचा विजय: 1971 च्या युद्धातील एका सैनिकाची आठवणी" (लेखक: शंकरराव जाधव): हे पुस्तक एका भारतीय सैनिकाच्या दृष्टिकोनातून युद्धाचे अनुभव सांगते. यात लढाईचे रणगाडे, सैनिकांचे धैर्य आणि बलिदान आणि युद्धाचा मानसिक परिणाम यांचा समावेश आहे.
• "भारत आणि पाकिस्तान: 1971 च्या युद्धानंतर संबंध" (लेखक: प्रदीप मेहता): हे पुस्तक 1971 च्या युद्धानंतर भारत आणि पाकिस्तान यांच्यातील संबंधांचा विश्लेषण करते. यात दोन्ही देशांमधील राजकीय, आर्थिक आणि सामाजिक बदल तसेच काश्मीर मुद्द्यावरील वाद यांचा समावेश आहे.
• "बांगलादेश: एका राष्ट्राचा जन्म" (लेखक: अनुपम सें): हे पुस्तक बांगलादेशच्या स्वातंत्र्यलढ्याची आणि 1971 च्या युद्धात त्याच्या भूमिकेची माहिती देते. यात बांगलादेशी लोकांच्या संघर्ष आणि त्यांच्या बलिदानावरही प्रकाश टाकण्यात आला आहे.

मी आशा करतो की हा निबंध 1971 च्या भारत-पाकिस्तान युद्धावर मराठी भाषेत प्रकाशित झालेल्या काही महत्त्वाच्या पुस्तकांची ओळख करून देतो. या पुस्तकांचा अभ्यास करून आपण या युद्धाची जटिलता आणि त्याचे दूरगामी परिणाम समजून घेऊ शकतो.