SPREAD MESSAGE OF INDIAN NATIONAL SECURITY TO AS MANY INDIANS AS POSSIBLE. LET US FREE INDIA OF CORRUPTION BY SPREADING THE MESSAGE TO AS MANY PEOPLE.MANY OF THE ARTICLES HAVE BEEN RECEIVED AS FORWARDED MAIL FROM VARIOUS FRIENDS . SHOULD SOME FACTS BE NOT CORRECT , YOU ARE REQUESTED TO PUT IT IN REMARKS BELOW THE ARTICLE. THIS WILL ENSURE A MORE BALANCED PERSPECTIVE OF THE SUBJECT DISCUSSED.
Marathas were Sub sect of Hindu community ,stout fighters of Chalukya king in 7th century c.e .Maratha dynasties of ancient pre Muslim period were Chalukyas (500 c.e. to 750c.e.), Rashtrakutas (750 c.e. to 978 c.e. Yadavas or Jadhavs (1175 c.e. to 1318 c.e.). Marathas first clash with Muslims came in 1314 c.e under Ramdev Rai Yadav ruler Devagiri(Daulatabad) lost to invaders and became mercenaries of Muslim overlords.
Prior to Shivaji Maharaj ,Marathas were mercenaries and revenue collectors of Muslim rulers with shifting loyalty .Shivaji Maharaj under influence of his mother from the Yadav clan became first Hindu to openly revolt and defy Muslim rule .Shivaji Maharaj defied Adilshah rulers of Bijapur and Mughul ruler Auranzeb by capturing number of forts using stealth and guerrilla tactics. After large number of skirmishes ,gurreila warfare ,victories ,treaties and ,escapes ,Shivaji Maharaj was crowned king of Marathas on 6th of june 1674.
25 horsemen were commanded by Havaldar.5 Havaldars came under Jumledar.10 Jumledar came under a Hazari.5 Hazari came under Pach Hazari.5 Panch Hazari came under Sarnaubat.
Infantry also was similarly organized.10 soldiers were commanded by Naik,5 Naiks under Havaldar & similar organization as in cavalry thereafter.
The army was well organized- planning was done minutely, could form various battle formations,was flexible, plans were executed audaciously. Units were permanent, and had better team work,
As the warfare was of extreme mobility, artillery was not considered as an important arm.Also Marathas lacked the facilities for the production of artillery. Principal source of equipment remained European settlements, especially the French. The French had supplied Shivaji Maharaj with 88 guns ,3000 mound of ammunition . The British also have had supplied him with some guns.
Weapons used by his Army were mostly made locally but there are reports of some highly skillful local blacksmiths being used to manufacture higher quality of arms.
Maratha Weapons
The terrain also made them use light weaponary .Ofcourse, with increase in their military power, their gureilla style often made way certain amount of sophistication in their weaponry.
•Some of the weapons traditionally used by the Marathas were the variants of swords like the talwaar, the firangi, the khandaa, the paataa .
•Variety of daggers like the kataar, the shamsher,the jaambiya .
•the bhaalaa (spear), dhanushya baan (bow and arrows), kurhaad( battle axe), parshu (axe variant), gadaa / gurz (mace) or unique weapons like the waagh nakh (tiger claws).
Weapons modified to suit the Maratha style of martial art
These weapons were made as per the designs borrowed from the Rajputs, the Mughals,the Persians,the Afghans and the Europeans. But were often modified to suit the Maratha style of martial art.
Lohar Khana to manufacture weapons was established in Pune under Bhima Lohar whose outstanding manufacturing skills were recognised by Shivaji Maharaj.
His personal bodyguards were excellent users of traditional Marathas weapons.
Jiva Mahala his bodyguard saved Shivaji Maharaj from a sudden attack from Sayyad Banda during encounter with Afzal Khan.Jiva severed Sayyad Bandas hand with his Dand patta. Baji Prabhu Deshpande also used Dand Patta very effectively while stopping Siddi Johar at Pawankhind.
The Marathas also used weapons like muskets, matchlocks, firangi swords, clubs, bows, spears, daggers, etc. Other commonly used weapons were Dandpatta,Vita,Bothati, Talwar,Bhala, Jambia,( दांडपट्टा, विटा, बोथाटी, तलवार, भाला, जांबिया,) Body armour, helmet Arab swords by the Infantry.
Cavalary used bow and arrows ,spears,Matchlock is a type of firearm wherein the gunpowder is ignited by a burning piece of rope that is touched to the gunpowder by a mechanism that the musketeer activates by pulling a lever or trigger with his finger.
Patta was considered to be a highly effective weapon for infantrymen against heavily armoured cavalry.
Intelligence Gathering was World Class
Intelligence head was Bahirji Jadhav who had developed efficient system of intelligence collection. Shivaji Maharaj considered collecting intelligence as his command task. At times he himself gathered intelligence as against Afzal khan and his Surat raid he acted as Faqir, His sources in Mughal/Adilshahi court worked well. He knew their intentions, movement and battle plans.
he occasion is being celebrated in a big way for three days in Maharashtra. But he was not only hero for Maharashtra but an icon for the entire nation and the world. Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj was a military genius who evolved Indian way of fighting war and defeated the enemies with Indian weapons.The whole country needs to understand his contribution to Hindavi Swarajy.
On June 6, 1674, the Maratha warrior king was crowned at the fort from which he had established 'Hindavi-Swaraj'.
While addresing the nation PM Modi, "When Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's coronation took place, it carried the slogan of Swaraj. Shivaji was a great soldier as well as a great administrator. He ended the mindset of slavery."
PM Modi added, "Hundreds of years of slavery had taken away the self-esteem and confidence of our countrymen. It was a difficult task, at that time, to instill confidence in people. But, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, during that period, not only fought the invaders but also infused a belief in the people that self-rule was possible". Moreover, her said that taking the inspiration form the Maratha King, India also freed the Navy from a trace of slavery and replaced identity of the British rule with the royal seal of Shivaji Maharaj.
I will present “Shivaji Maharaj Armed Forces, Ordnance Management, Military Strategy and Tactics”. This presentation is covered in the form of three articles. The first article covers the following aspects:-
Enemy Then- Mughal/Adil shahi/ Kutub Shahi Army
Their Organization Of Camps/Firm Base For Campaigns
Their Battle Tactics
Analysis Weaknesses Mughal Army
Shivaji Maharaj was a Statesman of outstanding ability, he was energetic and enterprising, far Sited and secretive in his operations. His lively imagination, was tempered with a profound common sense. He possessed the skill to fashion a Maratha army, an instrument of War which was fitted his own military genius and the 16—1700 century in which he was fighting, the Mughals, Adilshahi and the Kutubshahi. He was a staunch disciplinarian and a marvellous organizer. Throughout his life, he never lost sight of his aim that was Swarajya. He was optimistic and possessed indomitable spirit which could neither be quelled by adversary nor in satiated by the success.
As a leader of men he was not only the brain but the sound of the Maratha Army. He magnetized all who came into contact with him and knew how to stir their hearts and make them do heroic deeds. The wellbeing of his soldiers was his constant concern. He had won their trust and devotion not only by leading from the front but also so by his daily concern in their welfare and happiness. He rose naturally to be the king of Marathas, all men saw him, that he was such. His highest moral virtue was outlook towards women, he had an extra ordinary respect for them. He abhorred rape, violence and punished severely those who were guilty of these crimes.
All in all he was a military genius and an all time great hero that all Indians need to study and follow. In this article it is proposed to carry out an analysis of the armed forces that he created, which was based upon appreciated weaknesses of the their armed forces, their strategy and tactics and also were most suitable to the terrain in which he operated to fight the enemy in the mountain ranges of Western Ghats.
Security in the Northeast cannot be looked at in isolation from any particular state. The history of the North East from the Indian independence is full of strife and insurgent movements. There is an insurgency in all seven states of the northeast. The reasons can be traced to the British, who gave these states the status of ‘Excluded Areas’, giving them a belief that they were not inclusive of the Indian identity. When the British left India, giving independence in 1947, these areas expected to get autonomous status, if not complete independence. Nothing like that happened, and they were all made inclusive of the Indian Union. This inclusion caused heartburn in many politicians and activists in these states. They demanded independence, and when it was not forthcoming, they resorted to violence to secure their political aims. Consequent to the British legacy, insurgent groups in all seven states asked for either independence or autonomy. The oldest amongst them are the Naga insurgent groups. Mr Phizo formed the NNC (Naga National Council) in 1946, even before Indian independence.
At one time, 70 big and small rebel groups were active across the seven sister states. Out of the seven states, three states: Meghalaya, Assam, and Tripura, border Bangladesh, and the other four border Myanmar. Today a mere 15 are involved in insurgent activities. Understanding the role of the two neighbouring countries named above is essential. When 15 out of the 70-odd groups were banned by the government of India, declaring them unlawful or terrorist organisations, their cadres took shelter in bases in either Myanmar or Bangladesh or both. Noteworthy was the ability of the insurgent groups operating in these states to align with each other against a common enemy: the Indian state and the Indian security forces. This alignment resulted in sharing each other’s bases, providing information and the ability to operate in each other’s areas, thus making quick getaways after strikes. While the ULFA (United Liberation Front of Asom) could operate from Arunachal Pradesh to bases in Bangladesh, NSCN- Issac Muivah & Khaplang (National Socialist Council for Nagaland -IM &K) operated seamlessly from North Sagaing district in Myanmar through the border across Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura into Bangladesh. They strongly connected with the PLA (People Liberation Army) and the UNLF (United National Liberation Front), both Manipur-based groups. For the sake of brevity of the article, the bases and the insurgent groups operating from Bangladesh will not be discussed any further. Because the ULFA is no more a force, and its leaders are in Jail. So is the case with insurgent groups in Meghalaya and Tripura. By 2017 it was declared by the Border Security Forces of both nations; there was no more presence of Indian insurgent groups inside Bangladesh. This victory is due to India’s excellent relations with the Bangladesh government under Sheikh Hasina Wazed in the last ten years.
Map of Myanmar showing the regions bordering India’s North East
The security concerns for all states bordering Myanmar remain a cause for worry, despite India’s attempt to improve ties with Myanmar. Since 2010 India has improved its ties with Myanmar, the military government or the elected government of Aung San Suu Kyi. These efforts led to cooperation between the two militaries, and pressure from both sides resulted in the insurgent groups either dissipating or going deeper inside Myanmar. One of the examples of the joint operation was ‘Operation Sunrise’ in 2015. It was reflected in reducing violent incidence in border states from 2012 onwards. (Refer to Table 1 at the end of the article) This decline was attributed to better cooperation between the two militaries of India and Myanmar.
The open border with Myanmar (16 Km of the border between the two countries was open and allowed free access to the population on either side. This limit now stands annulled due to the problems in Myanmar) has contributed to the ethnic strife in all the border states in India which border Myanmar. The problems persisted as persecution of minorities in Myanmar brought an influx of refugees into India. The reverse was also true of migration from India during times of strife. The civil population, caught between the crossfire of the security forces and the insurgent groups, found shelter in safe camps across the borders. It is alleged that the influx of refugees has changed the demographic structure in the hill districts in India, especially after the military coup in Myanmar in 2021. Since then, many refugees have crossed the border into India and Bangladesh. Most of them have found shelter in the hill districts. This migration has caused the current strife in Manipur. The Meitei allege that the new refugees, under pressure from the Kuki-Zomis and Nagas of the hill district, are encroaching on their land in the valley and the forests. The land, therefore, has become the prime reason for the dispute. They also allege that on the encroached land thrives crops of poppy which are used to make drugs.
However, the recent military coup in February 2021 in Myanmar has resulted in a setback. Border management has suffered as civil war rages inside Myanmar. Many new EAOs (Ethnic Armed Organisations) have surfaced to fight the Myanmar military junta (Tatmadaw). These are now called PDFs (People’s Defence Forces). The Tatmadaw is stretched and fatigued leaving little space to fight the insurgency on their borders or destroy camps existing on Myanmar’s soil near the Indian border. Couple this with the fact that there is a common ethnic bond between the Kuki-Zomi and Naga tribes in Myanmar and those in India; any retaliation against these ethnic tribes in Myanmar sends hordes of refugees into the Indian hill states of Manipur and Nagaland. When insurgency was at its zenith, most Manipur-based groups had their bases close to the Manipur border inside Myanmar in South Saigaing districts because connectivity and infrastructure at the Manipur border were better than in other places. If the current violence in Manipur has escalated, an outside hand is an obvious guess. The evil hand could have come from the old cadres of the Manipuri insurgents’ groups in Myanmar, seeking action in Manipur to up the ante. Since the violence is ethnic in colour, the chances that some of these elements belong to the Kuki-Zomi or Naga insurgent groups cannot be ruled out. Time and again, as peace returns to the strife-torn state, a new violent incident comes to light, and the perpetrators are unknown entities.
There are equal numbers of Meitei-dominated rebel groups (PLA, UNLF, PREPAK (P)) as there are Kuki-Zomi and Naga groups (KUKI-ZOMI National Front, Manipur Naga Revolutionary Front (MNRF)) rebel groups in Manipur. Earlier, they had shared an amicable equation with each other and the NSCN (IM & K) groups. It is hard to guess their current orientation towards the latest violence in Manipur. There would be no reason to believe that the insurgent groups would start an ethnic war in Manipur now. With insurgency ebbing in the region, their first priority would be regrouping and preparing for a long battle with the Indian state.
Drugs Trade
The Golden Triangle
If the direction of the high court to the state government to take up a case for the Meiteis to be included in the Schedule Tribe List with the Centre was a trigger, the primary explosive was in the drive of the Manipur government to clear the illegal occupation of the Reserve Forests (RF) and the Protected Forests (PF). For long, the Manipur government has been jostling with the tribes in the Hills to vacate forest land under illegal occupation. Having given orders and multiple warnings, the government ultimately acted. The story behind the state government’s adamant stand on illegal occupation is rooted in the drug trade flourishing in North East and Manipur.
Readers may be aware of the ‘Golden Triangle’, a three-point hub in South East Asia that thrives in drug trade like opium and brown sugar. At the apex of this triangle are Myanmar, Thailand, and Laos.
Raw opium from Poppy plantations in northern Myanmar would transport mule loads of opium to transit points near the border with Thailand and Laos. From there on, the opium moves to many destinations across South East Asia and other places. Opium also flowed into India through the porous border, and it became a profitable business as many youths were frustrated due to the lack of opportunities and took to drugs. Mizoram, Manipur and Nagaland youth were the first in line and became habitual consumers. As mentioned earlier, the border routes from Myanmar concentrated more towards Manipur due to better road infrastructure. The border town of Moreh in Manipur became the exchange hub for the drug trade. It was here in December 2021 that 500 crores of drugs were seized from a house in Moreh from a Myanmarese drug trafficker. However, much before this seizure, due to the disturbed situation in Myanmar, the drug lords encouraged poppy production inside India on the hills of Manipur and Nagaland, where the farmers sought cash crops for sustenance. Poppy proved to be the ideal bet. The refugees from Myanmar found a living in poppy cultivation in the forest areas. Most of these cultivations were illegal. It was a double whammy for Manipur authorities. It increased drug usage among its youth and led to illegal poppy cultivation. The golden triangle was getting extended into the Indian North East. Manipur from ‘Receiver’ became a ‘Producer’ of opium and brown sugar. The Churachandpur district in the southern tracts of Manipur was the worst drug-affected area. Churachandpur was where the violence started first in Manipur on 03 May 23.
Another effect of drug abuse was increased HIV cases due to infected syringes. Manipur houses 0.24% population of the country but has 8% of the total HIV cases. The BJP government of Manipur launched a ‘War on Drugs’ drive in 2018. In this fight elimination of poppy cultivation was an essential step. According to government statistics, 14,135 acres of illicit poppy cultivation were destroyed in the hills from 2017 to 2021. The seizure of forest land has to be viewed in light of this development in Manipur. When the government’s drive took away the easy cash crop alternatives from the poppy cultivators, they opposed it, resorting to demonstration and violence. They argued that the Manipur government legislation of removing illegal occupation of forest land passed in their assembly violated the correct procedure, as it should have met the approval of the Manipur Hill Area Committee council as per the Schedule Matters of Article 371- C of the Presidential order of 1972. The war on drugs was an election promise of Chief Minister Biren Singh in 2017. The implementation of the promise has come to haunt him. Such a predicament of the Chief Minister indicates the complex and sensitive issues that haunt the state. It is hard to do a balancing act.
Conclusion
Manipur violence from 03 May 23 has bucked the trend of reduction in violence in the North East. It has seriously threatened the state government, the central government, and the security forces. If the history of insurgency in the state is any measure to go by, the situation is grievous now. It is on the cusp of exploding once again. It is a cauldron in which all the explosives elements are brewing simultaneously. The ethnic differences between the Meiteis and the Hill tribes: Kuki-Zomi and the Nagas. The scheduled tribe status to the Meiteis, the removal of illegal occupation of forest land, the stoppage of poppy cultivation on the hills and the inability to provide an alternative to earning through cleaner cash crops. The influx of refugees from a civil war-torn Myanmar state. The lurking presence of old insurgent groups waiting to take advantage, the refugee outflow into neighbouring states. Finally, opportunist politicians waiting to grab power by creating violence. All these are explosive elements simmering in the Manipur cauldron. When it reaches critical mass and explodes, is anyone’s guess? It requires deft handling and concerted efforts of all parties interested in peace in Manipur to bring the temperature down. If their number is more than that inciting violence, Manipur has a hope for peace. But if this number dwindles, bad times will await this beautiful state.
On the ocassion of the Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's 350
coronation anniversary on June 6, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, called Maratha
King the beacon of courage and bravery and said he ended the mindset of
slavery.
The occasion is being
celebrated in a big way for three days in Maharashtra. But he was not only hero
for Maharashtra but an icon for the entire nation and the world. Chhatrapati
Shivaji Maharaj was a military genius who evolved Indian way of fighting war
and defeated the enemies with Indian weapons.The whole country needs to
understand his contribution to Hindavi Swarajy.
On June 6, 1674, the Maratha warrior king was crowned at the
fort from which he had established 'Hindavi-Swaraj'.
While addresing the nation PM Modi, "When Chhatrapati
Shivaji Maharaj's coronation took place, it carried the slogan of Swaraj.
Shivaji was a great soldier as well as a great administrator. He ended the
mindset of slavery."
PM Modi added, "Hundreds of years of slavery had taken
away the self-esteem and confidence of our countrymen. It was a difficult task,
at that time, to instil confidence in people. But, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj,
during that period, not only fought the invaders but also infused a belief in
the people that self-rule was possible".Moreover, her said that taking the
inspiration form the Maratha King, India also freed the Navy from a trace of
slavery and replaced identity of the British rule with the royal seal of
Shivaji Maharaj.
I will
present “Shivaji Maharaj Armed Forces, Ordnance Management, Military Strategy and
Tactics”. This presentation is covered in the form of three articles.The first
article covers the following aspects:-
·Enemy Then- Mughal/Adil shahi/ Kutub Shahi Army
·Their Organization
Of Camps/Firm Base For Campaigns
·Their Battle Tactics
·Analysis Weaknesses Mughal Army
Shivaji Maharaj was a
Statesman of outstanding ability, he was energetic and enterprising, far Sited
and secretive in his operations. His lively imagination, was tempered with a
profound common sense. He possessed the skill to fashion a Maratha army,an
instrument of War which was fitted his own military genius and the 16—1700
century in which he was fighting,the Mughals,Adilshahi and the Kutubshahi. He
was a staunch disciplinarian and a marvellous organizer. Throughout his life,
he never lost sight of his aim that was Swarajya. He was optimistic and
possessed indomitable spirit which could neither be quelled by adversary nor in
satiated by the success.
As a leader of men he was
not only the brain but the sound of the Maratha Army. He magnetised all who
came into contact with him and knew how to stir their hearts and make them do
heroic deeds. The wellbeing of his soldiers was his constant concern. He had
won their trust and devotion not only by leading from the front but also so by
his daily concern in their welfare and happiness. He rose naturally to be the
king of Marathas, all men saw him, that he was such. His highest moral virtue
was outlook towards women, he had an extra ordinary respect for them. He
abhorred rape, violence and punished severely those who were guilty of these
crimes.
All
in all he was a military genius and an all time great hero that all Indians
need to study and follow. In this article it is proposed to carry out an
analysis of the armed forces that he created ,which was based upon appreciated
weaknesses of the their armed forces, their strategy and tactics and also were
most suitable to the terrain in which he operated to fight the enemy in the
mountain ranges of Western Ghats.
Enemy
Then-
Mughal/Adil shahi/ Kutub Shahi Army
The enemy then was Mughal, Adilshahi, Kutubshahi, and subversieve
elements within. Shivaji Maharaj had studied the armies of the enemy, their
strategy and tactics, their strong points and weak points. He there after
organized his own army,evolved Indian way fighting,used innovative strategy and
tactics to out maneuver his enemy. A
brief analysis is given in succeeding paras.
Infantry
Infantry
was considered as inferior to the cavalry.Strength- was
10,000 with emperor.30,000 soldiers were assigned to Subas(states) and
forts.The weapon were swords and matchlocks. Shihabandi was a para military
force used for policing jobs.
Cavalry
Cavalry
was the strong point of these armies and
was the most powerful arm. Ahadis cavalalary were paid by emperor directly .Mansabdars
were required maintain numbers of cavalry as per their ranks some standing,
some reserve.The weapons used by them were sword,shield and long bow.The mounts
they used wereTurki,Tazi,Yabu Breeds mostly foreign.
Artillery
Super heavy artillery, was mainly used in forts for protection,the
projectiles/shot upto 100 kg were used.Siege artillery which was used to
capture forts ,used upto 50 kg of shot .
Elephants
Elephants were status symbol for important Sardars and were cause of many
defeats, as they could be identified easily and neutralized by
long range weapons such as bow and arrows. Attacking elephants and making them
run amok was also a common tactics used to defeat them.
Elephants
and camels were used for towing heavy artillery and for Ordnance management
,both during peacetime and campaigning season.
Strength Armed Forces
The strength of Mughal
army was 2 lakh horsemen but available
immediately was 50,000-60,000 cavalry,5-10,000 infantry. Adilshahi and Kutubshahi fielded-30,000
cavalary.There was no standard
uniform.The soldiers belonged to various ethnic groups,hence team work
,cohesive ness was lacking.
Organization Of Camps/Firm Base For Campaigns And Battles
The Mughal camp was like a mobile city .During
campaigns they had one lakh foot soldiers,50,000 cavalry. Sellers
of food far exceeded combatants.Their number was 500,000 persons,50,000
camels,3000 elephants.
बांगलादेशींना मदत करणार्या स्लीपर सेलसना शोधणे सर्वात महत्वाचे
एखादा अतिरेकी भारतात काही घातपात करतो तेव्हा त्याला भारतातले पत्ते, महत्त्वाची ठिकाणे, वाहतुकीच्या सोयी, पासपोर्ट, मोबाईल कार्ड, फोन, राहण्याची जागा इत्यादी गोष्टी आपोआप मिळत नाहीत. कोणी तरी स्थानिक व्यक्ती त्यांना मदत करत असतेच. माहिती देत असते म्हणूनच या घातपाती कारवाया यशस्वी होतात. अशी मदत करण्यासाठी कार्यरत असणार्या संघटनांच्या अड्डय़ांना स्लीपर सेल म्हटले जाते. पोलीस हे सेल उद्ध्वस्त करण्याचा म्हणावा तसा प्रयत्न करत नाहीत, त्यात काम करणारे लोक अनेकदा उघडपणे काम करूनही मोकळे राहतात,काही वेळा या स्लीपर सेल्सचे स्वरूपच असे काही असते की त्यांना अटक करणे राजकिय कारणामुळे शक्य होत नाही. स्लीपर सेल हे दहशतवादी संघटनांना मदत करणारे एक जाळेच असते.
त्यांना परदेशातून मिळणारा पैसा थांबवला आणि त्यांच्या नांग्या ठेचल्या की देशातला दहशतवाद संपुष्टात आल्याशिवाय राहणार नाही.स्लीपर सेलचा सदस्य कधीच उघड होत नाही. अशा स्लीपर सेलच्या छुप्या हालचाली टिपण्याचे काम फार बारकाईने करावे लागते. या करता पोलिसांना सतत जागरूक रहावे लागते. एखाद्या वस्तीत नवा आलेला माणूस कोण आहे, कोणत्या वस्तीतली काही मुले एकदम बेपत्ता झाली आहेत, एखादा तरुण मध्येच काही दिवस बेपत्ता होऊन एकदम उगवला आहे, तेव्हा तो कोठे होता, त्याबाबत लोक काय बोलतात अशा बारीक-सारीक माहितीवर सतत लक्ष ठेवावे लागते. या दृष्टीने प्रत्येक पोलीस ठाण्यावर दोन दोन खास प्रशिक्षण दिलेले पोलीस नेमण्यात यावेत. त्या परिसरात असा एखादा स्लीपर सेल कार्यरत आहे का आणि असला तर त्या दृष्टीने काही छुप्या हालचाली होत आहेत का यावर लक्ष ठेवणे हे त्यांचे एकच काम असावे.
अतिरेकी संघटनांमध्ये सामील करून घेतलेल्यांना काही प्रशिक्षण आणि मोलाच्या सूचना देऊन मोकळे सोडलेले असते. हे प्रशिक्षण मिळाले की तो स्लीपर सेलचा सदस्य होतो.स्लीपर सेलचे सदस्य आपापला व्यवसाय करत असतात. तो एखाद्या स्लीपर सेलचा सदस्य आहे याचा पत्ता कोणालाही लागत नाही. पैशाच्या बदल्यात आपल्याला नेमके काय काम करायचे आहे याची त्याला काही कल्पना नसते. या सदस्यांनी कोणते काम करायचे आहे आणि कधी करायचे आहे याची योजना पाकिस्तानात/बांगलादेशात बसलेला कोणी तरी करत असतो. भारतात असे ३०० स्लीपर सेल आहेत असा अंदाज आहे.या स्लीपर सेल्सचे २०००-२५०० सदस्य असावेत .आता हे स्लीपर सेल उद्ध्वस्त करायचे आहे.
India’s outreach to Pacific island countries needs sustained effort
PM Modi”s recent visit to Papua New Guinea – the first by any Indian premier – coincided with the US inking a defence agreement with the Pacific island nation. Pacific island countries (PIC) have emerged as a strategic battleground between the Democratic World and China, with China trying to peel away some PICs in recent years. China inked its own security pact with the Solomon Islands last year. If the Chinese are able to establish a strong foothold in the islands, it would create a serious strategic-security headache for the free world in the south Pacific.
India and the democratic world teaming up in the PIC region is a good idea. While USA can provide security guarantees to the islands, India can position itself as a reliable development partner. That was the thrust of Prime Minster Modi’s 12-point action plan announced at the 3rd Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation Summit.India is rightly championing a demand driven cooperation model that doesn’t burden the island nations.
It is proposed to cover the following important aspects in this article:-
•Prime Minster Modi’s 12-Point Action Plan For PICs
•Well-Calculated India's Engagement In The Pacific Region
•Chinese Military,Economic Coercion, Overfishing Political Warfare In PIC Countries
•USA Response To Chinese Inroads in PIC
•What More Should The Democratic World Do To Stop Chinese
•Indian Action Plan In PIC
Prime Minster Modi’s 12-point action plan
•100-bed specialty hospital in Fiji
•IT, cyber security training hub in PNG
•100 Sagar Amrut Scholarships
•Jaipur foot camp in PNG by year-end
•FIPIC SME development project
•Solar project for govt buildings
•Desalination units for water
•Sea ambulances for PIC
•Dialysis units
•Emergency helpline no.
•Jan Aushadhi Kendras
•Yoga centres
In his remarks to the assembled leaders of the FIPIC (Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation) summit, PM Modi made an emotional speech that drew a distinction between the approach followed by India and, without naming it, China. Referring to the adverse impact of Covid-19 pandemic and other global developments, Modi said India stood by the Pacific Islands in challenging times.Whether it was vaccines or essential medicines, wheat or sugar,” he said.
Not Small Island States, But Large Ocean Countries
PM Modi said India is ready to share its capabilities and experiences with PICs “without any hesitation” and assured them that “we are with you in every way”. “For me, you are not small island states, but large ocean countries. It is this vast ocean that connects India with all of you,” added PM Modi.
PNG PM James Marape responded by calling the Pacific island nations as victims of global power play. “You (PM Modi) are the leader of Global South. We will rally behind your (India) leadership at global forums,” he said. PM Modi also reaffirmed India’s strong support for a free, open and inclusive Indo-Pacific. “Our development template is such that it doesn’t burden the economy and matches very well with these island nations’ priorities,” pointed out Indian Foreign Secretary.
Fiji and Papua New Guinea on Monday conferred their highest civilian awards on PM Modi on the margins of the third summit between India and Pacific Island Countries (PIC) at Port Moresby.
India's Engagement In The Pacific Region Well-Calculated
Prime Minister Modi's 12-point action plan showcased India's nonintrusive and accommodating approach. As the island nations remain cautious about becoming entangled in the power dynamics between the United States and China, India finds itself in a favorable position to pursue its objectives in the South Pacific. By charting a benign course and avoiding excessive demands, India stands to advance its goals in the region effectively
The Pacific Island Countries (PIC) were once considered geographically distant, situated on the opposite side of the globe. Given Fiji's substantial Indian-origin population, New Delhi has consistently aimed to strengthen diplomatic ties with nations in this region. India responded by establishing the Forum for India-Pacific Islands Cooperation (FIPIC) in 2014. Prime Minister Narendra Modi's recent visit to Papua New Guinea for the third FIPIC summit emphasized India's commitment to Pacific outreach. This sustained diplomatic approach aligns with India's engagement efforts.
