1. Escalating Violence in Balochistan: 2. Pakistan's Imminent Carbon Levy and IMF Agreement: 3. Bangladesh Seeks Reduced Interest Rates from China: 4. US Interest in Supplying Military Hardware to Bangladesh: 5. Adani Power Restores Electricity Supply to Bangladesh: 7. Sri Lankan Navy Arrests Indian Fishermen for Poaching: 8. Pro-Monarchist Groups Threaten Escalated Protests in Nepal:

 

1. Escalating Violence in Balochistan:

Terror incidents in Balochistan have resulted in at least eight fatalities, 17 injuries, and three abductions. A Thursday bomb attack in Quetta's Barest Market, targeting a police vehicle with an IED concealed in a motorcycle, caused two deaths and injured 17. This followed a Wednesday night attack in Gwadar district where insurgents killed six passengers on a bus and abducted three, subsequently fleeing into the mountainous terrain. The condition of four injured individuals from the Quetta blast remains critical.

2. Pakistan's Imminent Carbon Levy and IMF Agreement:

Pakistan is preparing for increased taxation as a carbon levy is anticipated following a new $1.3 billion agreement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) aimed at addressing climate change. Officials confirmed that the IMF has also approved the disbursement of the second tranche, approximately $1 billion, from the existing $7 billion loan program.

3. Bangladesh Seeks Reduced Interest Rates from China:

Bangladesh's Chief Advisor, Muhammad Yunus, attending the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference in Hainan, has appealed to China to lower interest rates on its loans and waive commitment fees for Chinese-funded projects. During a meeting with Chinese Executive Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang, Yunus requested support for various development initiatives, advocating for a reduction in interest rates from three percent to between one and two percent. He is scheduled to meet President Xi Jinping to further discuss these matters.

4. US Interest in Supplying Military Hardware to Bangladesh:

The United States has expressed strong interest in providing military hardware to the Bangladesh Army, emphasizing its importance for regional security. During a 24-hour visit to Dhaka, US Army Deputy Commanding General for the Pacific, Lieutenant General Joel 'JB' Vowell, discussed shared security interests and ongoing collaboration with Bangladeshi military officials. They highlighted the potential acquisition of US-origin equipment to enhance interoperability and capabilities, also acknowledging the Bangladesh Army's role in domestic security, particularly in disaster response.

5. Adani Power Restores Electricity Supply to Bangladesh:

Adani Power Ltd. has resumed full electricity supply to Bangladesh following the resumption of regular payments, according to Rezaul Karim, chairman of the Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB). The supply, previously halved due to payment delays, has been restored as BPDB anticipates reducing outstanding dues from over USD 850 million to USD 800 million within six months. This restoration is crucial for Bangladesh, especially during peak summer months when temperatures exceed 38 degrees Celsius.

6. India's Commitment to Strengthening Ties with Bangladesh:

Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has reaffirmed India's commitment to advancing India-Bangladesh relations, emphasizing mutual interests in regional stability and cooperative partnerships.

7. Sri Lankan Navy Arrests Indian Fishermen for Poaching:

The Sri Lankan Navy has arrested 11 Indian fishermen and seized their trawler for alleged poaching in Sri Lankan waters. The arrests occurred during a "special operation" in the northern sea area off Delft Island. The detained fishermen have been brought to Kankasanthurei Harbour and will be handed over to the fisheries inspector of Mailadi for legal proceedings, highlighting the ongoing issue of inadvertent trespassing by fishermen from both nations.

8. Pro-Monarchist Groups Threaten Escalated Protests in Nepal:

Pro-monarchist groups in Nepal have threatened to intensify protests demanding the restoration of the monarchy if the government fails to reach an agreement within a week. Convenor Nabaraj Subedi stated their commitment to escalating demonstrations. The newly formed Joint People’s Movement Committee plans a rally near Tribhuvan International Airport, while the Socialist Forum, representing pro-republic parties, will stage a counter-demonstration in Kathmandu to defend the republic.

OPERATION BRAHMA humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) mission launched by India to support Myanmar

 The Indian Air Force (IAF) has played a pivotal role in Operation Brahma, a humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) mission launched by India to support Myanmar following a devastating 7.7-magnitude earthquake on March 28, 2025. This operation reflects India's commitment to its "Neighbourhood First" policy and its ethos of "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam" (the world is one family), positioning it as a first responder to regional crises.

The IAF's response was immediate, with the first C-130J military transport aircraft departing from Hindon Air Force Station at around 3:00 AM IST on March 29, 2025, just a day after the earthquake. This swift action, carrying approximately 15 tonnes of relief materials, reassured the affected population that help was on the way. The aid, which included essential supplies such as tents, sleeping bags, blankets, ready-to-eat meals, water purifiers, solar lamps, generator sets, and medicines, was handed over to Yangon’s Chief Minister, U Soe Thein, by India’s envoy to Myanmar, Abhay Thakur.

Despite the challenges, the IAF escalated its efforts throughout the day, conducting multiple sorties to deliver additional aid and personnel. Two C-130J aircraft landed in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar’s capital, carrying an 80-member National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) team with specialised rescue equipment like concrete cutters, drill machines, and trained canines for search-and-rescue operations. These flights also transported further relief supplies, totalling around 10 tonnes on the second aircraft alone. The NDRF team, received by Indian Ambassador Abhay Thakur and Myanmar’s Ambassador-at-Large Maung Maung Lynn, proceeded to Mandalay—the city hardest hit by the quake—on March 30 to begin rescue operations. This team is actively engaged in rescue operations, including efforts to assist approximately 170 monks stranded at the U Hla Thein monastery in Myanmar.

Additionally, two IAF C-17 aircraft were deployed, airlifting a 118-member Indian Army Field Hospital unit from Agra to Mandalay. This team, including women and childcare services, established a 60-bed medical treatment center to provide first aid, emergency medical services, and surgical care to earthquake victims. This significant step reassured the affected population that they were not alone in their time of need. Accompanying this unit were an additional 60 tonnes of relief materials, bringing the total assistance delivered by air to over 96 tonnes within the first 48 hours of the operation. By March 30, 2025, five IAF relief flights had landed in Myanmar, showcasing the force’s rapid response capabilities.

The IAF’s swift, relentless and coordinated effort ensured that critical supplies and personnel reached Myanmar within hours of the disaster, reinforcing India’s role as a regional leader in humanitarian relief. The operation continues to evolve, with more aid planned based on Myanmar’s needs, as confirmed by External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar and Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who expressed solidarity with Myanmar’s people during a call with junta leader Min Aung Hlaing on March 29. This ongoing commitment gives hope for the recovery and rebuilding of Myanmar. 

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What diplomatic tools can India employ to address the perception of big brother influence in South Asia, especially in countries like Nepal and the Maldives?

 

India can employ a range of diplomatic tools that emphasize respect, partnership, and mutual benefit. Here's a breakdown:

Key Diplomatic Tools:

• Emphasis on Non-Reciprocity and Respect for Sovereignty:
• Adhering to principles , which emphasizes non-reciprocity in dealings with smaller neighbors.
• Consistently demonstrating respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all South Asian nations.
• Avoiding any actions that could be perceived as interference in the internal affairs of neighboring countries.  
• Enhanced Economic Cooperation with Mutual Benefits:
• Focusing on economic projects that provide tangible benefits to neighboring countries, rather than those that appear to serve only India's interests.
• Offering development assistance and infrastructure projects with transparent and favorable terms, avoiding "debt-trap" diplomacy.  
• Promoting trade and investment that fosters economic interdependence and shared prosperity.
• Strengthening People-to-People Connections:
• Promoting cultural exchanges, educational programs, and tourism to build stronger ties between people.
• Facilitating greater interaction between civil society organizations, academic institutions, and business communities.
• This helps in building a base of good will that can withstand political shifts.
• Active Participation in Regional Forums:
• Strengthening regional organizations like SAARC and BIMSTEC to provide platforms for dialogue and cooperation.  
• Working collaboratively with other South Asian nations to address common challenges, such as climate change, disaster management, and economic development.  
• Using these forums to foster a sense of shared regional identity and purpose.
• Transparent and Consultative Diplomacy:
• Engaging in open and transparent dialogue with neighboring countries, addressing their concerns and perspectives.
• Consulting with neighboring countries on regional issues and respecting their input in decision-making processes.
• Providing clear and honest communication regarding indian projects and intentions within the region.
• Disaster Relief and Humanitarian Assistance:
• Providing timely and effective humanitarian assistance in times of crisis, demonstrating India's commitment to the well-being of its neighbors.  
• This can build trust and goodwill, and reinforce India's role as a reliable partner.
• Soft Power Initiatives:
• Leveraging India's rich cultural heritage, including its films, music, and traditions, to build positive relationships.  
• Promoting the spread of Indian languages and cultural practices in neighboring countries.
• Utilizing programs such as "Vaccine Maitri" to display good will, and helpfulness.  

By consistently applying these diplomatic tools, India can work to dispel the perception of "big brother" influence and build stronger, more equitable relationships with its South Asian neighbors.

How can India balance its strategic interests in South Asia while managing the growing influence of China in neighboring countries like Nepal, Sri Lanka, and the Maldives?

 

Balancing its strategic interests in South Asia while managing China's growing influence is a critical challenge for India. Here's a breakdown of key strategies India can employ:  

Key Strategies:

• Enhancing Economic Engagement:
• India needs to offer competitive economic alternatives to Chinese investments. This involves:
• Investing in infrastructure projects with transparent and sustainable financing.
• Promoting trade and economic cooperation that fosters mutual benefit.
• Supporting local businesses and industries in neighboring countries.
• It is very important for India to make sure that its economic investments are seen as beneficial, and do not create the "debt traps" that some nations accuse China of creating.
• Strengthening Regional Connectivity:
• India should focus on enhancing regional connectivity through initiatives like:
• Developing transportation networks (roads, railways, ports).
• Promoting energy cooperation.
• Expanding digital connectivity.
• These initiatives can reduce the dependence of neighboring countries on China and foster greater regional integration.
• Leveraging Soft Power:
• India possesses significant soft power through its cultural ties, historical connections, and people-to-people exchanges. It should leverage this by:
• Promoting cultural exchanges and educational programs.  
• Providing humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.
• Strengthening diplomatic relations and fostering goodwill.

 

• Deepening Security Cooperation:
• India should enhance security cooperation with neighboring countries to address shared security concerns, such as:
• Counterterrorism.
• Maritime security.
• Border management.
• This can build trust and strengthen strategic partnerships.
• Working with Like-minded Nations:
• India can collaborate with other countries that share its concerns about China's growing influence. This includes:
• Strengthening partnerships with the Quad (United States, Japan, and Australia).
• Enhancing cooperation with ASEAN countries.  
• Working with European partners.

 

• Maintaining Diplomatic Balance:
• It is crucial for India to maintain a delicate diplomatic balance. This involves:
• Engaging in constructive dialogue with China.
• Addressing the concerns of neighboring countries.
• Upholding the principles of sovereignty and non-interference.
• Focusing on it's own internal strength:
• For India to be a strong regional power, it needs to continue to strengthen it's own internal infrastructure, and economy. A strong internal base, allows for stronger external influence.

By implementing these strategies, India can effectively balance its strategic interests and manage China's growing influence in South Asia.

Given the rise of politically anti-India regimes in several neighboring countries (Bangladesh, Maldives), how should India recalibrate its 'Neighborhood First' policy to maintain regional stability?

 

The rise of politically anti-India regimes in some neighboring countries presents a complex challenge to India's "Neighborhood First" policy. Here's a breakdown of how India might recalibrate its approach:

Key Considerations:

• Diversification of Engagement:
• India should diversify its engagement beyond solely government-to-government interactions. This includes strengthening ties with civil society, business communities, and cultural institutions in neighboring countries.
• This approach helps build resilience against shifts in political regimes, as people-to-people connections can endure political changes.
• Economic Interdependence:
• Focus on creating mutually beneficial economic partnerships. This involves promoting trade, investment, and infrastructure development that benefits all parties involved.
• Economic interdependence can create shared interests that mitigate the impact of political differences.
• Strategic Autonomy and Flexibility:
• India needs to maintain strategic autonomy and flexibility in its foreign policy. This means being prepared to adapt to changing political landscapes and to pursue its national interests.
• This may involve engaging with various political actors in neighboring countries, even those with differing views.
• Strengthening Regional Cooperation:
• India should actively promote regional cooperation through forums like SAARC and BIMSTEC.
• These platforms can help address common challenges, such as climate change, disaster management, and economic development, and foster a sense of shared regional identity.
• Enhanced Security Cooperation:
• Given the potential for increased regional instability, India should strengthen its security cooperation with like-minded countries in the region.
• This includes cooperation on counterterrorism, maritime security, and border management.
• Balancing Influence:
• India must be mindful of the growing influence of other external powers in its neighborhood.
• This requires a nuanced approach that balances India's own interests with the concerns of its neighbors.
• Diplomatic Sensitivity:
• It is vital that India maintain a high level of diplomatic sensitivity. Respecting the soverignty of neighboring nations is very important.
• India must be careful to avoid actions that could be percieved as interventionist.

In essence, India's recalibrated "Neighborhood First" policy should emphasize:

• Building resilient and multifaceted relationships.
• Promoting economic interdependence.
• Maintaining strategic flexibility.
• Strengthening regional cooperation.

By adopting these strategies, India can navigate the challenges posed by changing political dynamics and maintain regional stability.

LOKSHAHI TV-बांगलादेश भारताशी कोंडी करेलका चीन भारताची जागा घेऊ शकेलका आ...

India’s Strategic Response

India must act decisively to mitigate the risks posed by Yunus’s China pivot. A multipronged approach is necessary:

1.    Diplomatic Engagement: New Delhi should proactively engage with Yunus, offering economic incentives such as trade deals and infrastructure investments to counter China’s growing influence.

2.    High-Level Meetings: A Modi-Yunus summit, possibly at the upcoming BIMSTEC meeting in Thailand, could help reset diplomatic relations and prevent further drift towards Beijing.

3.    Security Cooperation: Strengthening security ties with Bangladesh by emphasizing shared threats like terrorism can rebuild trust and reinforce India’s strategic importance.

4.    Infrastructure and Connectivity: Accelerating regional connectivity projects such as the India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway would bolster India’s influence and offer Bangladesh an alternative to the BRI.

5.    Allied Investments: Encouraging investment from Japan, Australia, and the US in Bangladesh can help counterbalance China’s economic dominance.

Conclusion: A Diplomatic Crossroads

Muhammad Yunus’s growing engagement with China is more than a diplomatic maneuver; it is a direct challenge to India’s regional leadership. By leveraging Beijing’s economic and strategic clout, Yunus is pressuring New Delhi to rethink its approach to Bangladesh. For India, the stakes are enormous—a Bangladesh closely aligned with China could undermine its security, economic stability, and global aspirations

TACKLING RISE OF ANTI INDIAN REGIMES IN NEIGHBOUR HOOD-HARD & SOFT POWE...

आजघडीला भारतात सुमारे दहा कोटी बेकायदा नागरिक राहात असावेत, असा अंदाज आहे.

 

डोनाल्ड ट्रम्प यांनी अमेरिकेच्या राष्ट्राध्यक्षपदाची सूत्रे स्वीकारताच, पहिले काम जे धडाक्याने सुरू केले, ते म्हणजे तेथील बेकायदा वास्तव्य असलेल्या सर्व परदेशी नागरिकांना शोधून त्यांना पुन्हा त्यांच्या मायदेशी पाठवून देणे. या कारवाईची थोडी झळ काही भारतीयांनाही बसली. त्यामुळे भारतानेही देशात कोणाला प्रवेश द्यायचा आणि कोणाला नाही किंवा कोणाला शरणार्थी म्हणून प्रवेश द्यायचा, ते निश्चित करणारा नवा ‘आप्रवासन आणि विदेशी नागरिक विधेयक’ संसदेत संमत केला, हे योग्य झाले. या कायद्याच्या तरतुदींवर संसदेच्या दोन्ही सभागृहांमध्ये सविस्तर चर्चा झाली आणि सदस्यांच्या प्रश्नांना गृहमंत्री अमित शाह यांनी सुयोग्य उत्तर दिले. आता भारतानेही ट्रम्प यांच्याप्रमाणे देशात बेकायदा राहात असलेल्या परदेशी नागरिकांना त्यांच्या मायदेशी परत पाठवावे, अशी अपेक्षा व्यक्त केली जात आहे.

भारत हा एक विकसित देशच असून, येथे त्यांना रोजगाराच्या भरपूर संधी उपलब्ध आहेत. म्हणूनच या लगतच्या शेजारी देशांच्या नागरिकांकडून कसेही करून भारतात घुसण्याचा प्रयत्न होत असतो. यात प्रामुख्याने बांगलादेशी आणि म्यानमारच्या नागरिकांचा समावेश आहे. आजघडीला भारतात सुमारे दहा कोटी बेकायदा नागरिक राहात असावेत, असा अंदाज आहे. दुर्दैवाने त्यांना ओळखून त्यांची मायदेशात परत पाठवणी करणे, हे अमेरिकेइतके सोपे नाही. याला कारण भारतातील विरोधी पक्षांचे निवडणुकीचे राजकारण; हे दुर्दैवी सत्य आहे. अमित शाह यांनी आपल्या भाषणात याचा सविस्तर आणि सप्रमाण उल्लेख केला, ते चांगले झाले. 

भारतात बेकायदेशीररित्या राहाणार्‍या नागरिकांमध्ये सर्वांत मोठा हिस्सा बांगलादेशी नागरिकांचा आहे. पाकिस्तान, बांगलादेश, नेपाळ यांसारख्या देशांतील नागरिकांचा पोशाख, भाषा तसेच चेहर्‍याची ठेवण ही भारतीयांसारखीच असल्याने नेमके परदेशी नागरिक कोण, हे ओळखणे अवघड. त्यातच पश्चिम बंगालमधील तृणमूल काँग्रेसच्या मुख्यमंत्री ममता बॅनर्जी आणि जम्मू-काश्मीरचे मुख्यमंत्री ओमर अब्दुल्ला यांनी राजकीय कारणास्तव अनुक्रमे बांगलादेशी आणि पाकिस्तानी नागरिकांना भारतीय नागरिकत्व देण्यासाठी खूपच प्रयत्न केले आहेत. त्यांना रेशनकार्ड, आधार कार्ड आणि निवडणूक ओळखपत्र यांसारखी कागदपत्रे उपलब्ध करून दिल्यावर त्यांना परदेशी नागरिक ठरविणे खूपच अवघड होते. बांगलादेशाशी लागून असलेल्या भारतीय सीमेचा काहीशे किमीचा भाग हा पर्वत, नद्या, जंगले यांनी व्याप्त असून तेथे कुंपण घालणे किंवा त्यावर 24 तास नजर ठेवणे शक्य नाही, हे अमित शाह यांनी स्पष्ट केले. या उघड्या सीमांतून बांगलादेशातील शेकडो नागरिक जीवाचे धाडस करून तरीही भारतात घुसखोरी करतात. भौगोलिक परिस्थितीमुळे अशा सर्वच घुसखोरांना पकडणे हे सुरक्षा यंत्रणांसाठीही आव्हानात्मकच.

 

अशा बेकायदा घुसखोरांना ममता बॅनर्जी यांनी निवडणुकीच्या राजकारणासाठी भारतीय ओळख देण्याचे धोरण स्वीकारल्याचा स्पष्ट दावा करून शाह यांनी ममतांचे देशविरोधी धोरण उघड केले, ते चांगले केले. ममतांच्या धोरणामुळे आज लक्षावधी रोहिंग्ये भारताचे नागरिक बनले असून, ते देशाच्या कानाकोपर्‍यात वसले आहेत. या बेकायदा लोकांच्या वास्तव्यामुळे भारतीयांना अनेक अप्रत्यक्ष तोटे आणि समस्यांना तोंड द्यावे लागत आहे. या बेकायदा लोकांमुळे भारताच्या संसाधनांवर बेसुमार ताण पडत आहे. हे लोक शहरी भागातच स्थायिक होतात. त्यामुळे नागरी सुविधांवर प्रचंड ताण पडतो. देशाच्या अन्न-पाण्याच्या वापरातही हे नवे वाटेकरी निर्माण होतात. त्यामुळे कितीही चांगल्या आणि कार्यक्षम योजना राबविल्या, तरी त्या अपुर्‍याच पडतात. याशिवाय, बांगलादेशींच्या घुसखोरीमुळे देशात सांस्कृतिक आणि धार्मिक तणाव निर्माण होतात, ते वेगळेच. नुकत्याच झालेल्या संभळ, महू आणि नागपूरमधील दंगलीत या परदेशी घुसखोरांचाही सहभाग होता, याचे पुरावे सापडत आहेत. त्यामुळे ही केवळ मानवतावादी समस्या नसून धार्मिक आणि सांस्कृतिक समस्याही आहे, हे शाह यांनी सूचित केले.

 

संयुक्त राष्ट्रांच्या शरणार्थींच्या करारावर भारत स्वाक्षरी करणार नाही, हेही शाह यांनी आपल्या भाषणात स्पष्ट केले, ते बरे झाले. काही युरोपीय देशांमध्ये आश्रय घेतलेल्या पॅलेस्टिनी व सीरियन ‘शरणार्थीं’नी त्या देशांमध्ये गेल्या काही वर्षांत कसा हैदोस घातला आहे, याच्या आठवणी ताज्याच आहेत. म्हणूनच अशा हिंसक प्रवृत्तीच्या आणि कट्टरपंथीय ‘शरणार्थीं’ना आश्रय आणि राजकीय अधिकार देणार्‍या एकतर्फी करारावर भारताने स्वाक्षरी करण्यास नकार दिला, हे योग्यच. त्यांना आश्रय देणे म्हणजे भविष्यकाळात भारतात सामाजिक आणि धार्मिक असंतोषाला आमंत्रण देणेच ठरेल. जे खरोखरच अडचणीत किंबहुना जीवावरील धोक्यात आहेत, अशा लोकांना भारतात आश्रय देण्यास सरकारचा आक्षेप नाही. त्यासाठीच भारताच्या शेजारी देशांतील पीडित अल्पसंख्य समाजाच्या लोकांना भारतात आश्रय देण्यासाठी केंद्र सरकारने ‘सीएए’ हा कायदा पारित केला आहे. . बांगलादेशातील रोहिंग्येच सध्या सरकारची डोकेदुखी ठरले असून, त्यात नव्याने भर घालण्याची गरज नाही!

 

 

https://www.mahamtb.com/Encyc/2025/3/28/The-secret-of-an-infiltrator-free-India-.html

Developing storytelling and comprehension skills in a 5–6-year-old requires a structured yet enjoyable approach.

 

Identifies the plot and the characters in a story, retells it  it in own words, in sequence and is able to give a personalized ending too, is an important quality which a child of 5 to 6 years must have. What exact steps should be taken by the parents to develop these qualities. 

Developing storytelling and comprehension skills in a 5–6-year-old requires a structured yet enjoyable approach. Here are the exact steps parents can take:

1. Read Aloud Daily

• Choose engaging storybooks with clear plots and colorful illustrations.
• Read with expression, using different tones for different characters.
• Encourage the child to predict what might happen next.

2. Discuss the Story

• After reading, ask simple questions like:
• Who were the main characters?
• What happened in the beginning, middle, and end?
• What did you like or dislike about the story?
• Use visual aids like drawings or story maps to help them remember sequences.

3. Encourage Retelling in Their Own Words

• Ask the child to narrate the story in sequence using their own words.
• Use props (toys, puppets) to make retelling fun.
• If they miss details, gently guide them with prompts.

4. Create a Personalized Ending

• Ask, "What if the story ended differently?"
• Encourage them to invent their own version of the ending.
• Appreciate their creativity to boost confidence.

5. Engage in Role Play and Storytelling Games

• Act out scenes from the story together.
• Play "What Happens Next?" by stopping midway and letting them guess the next event.
• Let them "become" a character and answer questions from that perspective.

6. Develop Sequencing Skills

• Use picture story cards and ask them to arrange them in the correct order.
• Encourage them to create their own simple stories with a clear beginning, middle, and end.

7. Introduce Storytelling Through Drawing and Writing

• Have them draw pictures of a story and explain what’s happening.
• Help them create a simple storybook by stapling pages together and writing their words.

8. Praise and Encourage

• Celebrate their efforts, even if they make mistakes.
• Use encouraging phrases like “I love your version of the ending!” or “That was a great way to retell the story!”

By following these steps consistently, parents can help their child develop strong storytelling, sequencing, and creative thinking skills, laying the foundation for effective communication and comprehension.

Connecting Kashmir: Modi to Inaugurate Direct Katra-Baramulla Train Service, Border Security Concerns: Shah Accuses West Bengal of Border Fencing Delays

 1. Connecting Kashmir: Modi to Inaugurate Direct Katra-Baramulla Train Service

Prime Minister Narendra Modi is scheduled to inaugurate the inaugural direct train service from Katra to the Kashmir Valley on April 19, a significant milestone in the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) project, completed three months prior. The inauguration, held at Katra, the base camp for the Vaishno Devi pilgrimage, will also be attended by Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw and other dignitaries. The new service will provide a crucial rail connection to Baramulla in Kashmir, with passengers transferring at Katra for onward travel. Enhanced security measures have been implemented in the Reasi and Ramban districts along the train's route, following recent terrorist incidents. The 272-kilometer rail link is designed to improve accessibility to the region's high-altitude areas.

2. Intense Encounter: Security Forces Clash with Terrorists in Kathua

A prolonged gunfight in the Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir resulted in the deaths of three terrorists and three police officers, with several others, including a deputy superintendent of police, injured. The clash erupted early Thursday when security forces engaged a group of terrorists from the Pakistan-based Jaish-e-Mohammad. Authorities believe at least two more terrorists remain in the area. The operation, supported by the Army and the Central Reserve Police Force, was hampered by heavy gunfire and explosions. Local youth assisted security personnel by transporting equipment to the site. The People's Anti-Fascist Front has claimed responsibility for the attack. Ongoing operations aim to recover remaining terrorist bodies and secure the area.

3. Hurriyat Groups Shift Stance: Embrace Development, Reject Separatism

Two Jammu and Kashmir-based Hurriyat groups, the Jammu and Kashmir Tahreeq-e-Isteqlal and the Jammu and Kashmir Tahreek-I-Istiqaamat, have renounced separatism and pledged their support for Prime Minister Narendra Modi's developmental initiatives. This announcement follows similar declarations from other affiliated groups, indicating a significant shift away from separatist ideologies in the region. Officials have noted that the Modi government's focus on development and stability is gaining traction in Kashmir, with former separatist leaders expressing commitment to the Indian Constitution and advocating for better representation of the people’s aspirations.

4. Glacial Lake Risks: Monitoring Sheshnag Lake for Potential Floods

Sheshnag Lake, a sacred site on the Amarnath pilgrimage route, has been identified by the Focused Glacial Lake Outburst Flood Monitoring Committee (FGMC) as one of 14 high-risk glacial lakes in Jammu and Kashmir. The FGMC is implementing strategies to mitigate risks associated with glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Along with Sheshnag, three other moderate-risk and seven low-risk lakes have been identified, with corrective expeditions already conducted. The Jammu and Kashmir government is proactively implementing measures, including detailed surveys and data collection, to enhance understanding and preparedness for potential GLOF events, and is developing predictive systems to manage heavy rainfall impacts on glaciers and lakes.

5. Border Security Concerns: Shah Accuses West Bengal of Border Fencing Delays

Union Home Minister Amit Shah stated in the Lok Sabha that approximately 450 kilometers of the India-Bangladesh border remain unfenced, attributing the delay to the Trinamool Congress government's "appeasement politics," which he alleges facilitates illegal migration. He emphasized that repeated communications with the West Bengal government regarding land acquisition for fencing have yielded minimal progress. Shah cited the illegal acquisition of Aadhaar and voter identity cards by Bangladeshi nationals, who he claims are posing as Indian citizens. He also addressed the issue of Tamil refugees, clarifying that the government's policy remains unchanged since the UPA government and dismissed concerns raised by the DMK, stating their earlier requests for policy change were not effectively communicated.

6. Strengthening Ties: India and Russia Emphasize Strategic Cooperation

External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar highlighted the importance of deepening India-Russia cooperation in a complex geopolitical landscape characterized by an "era of multipolarity." Speaking at a conference hosted by the Russian International Affairs Council, he stressed the need to enhance the Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership as a key foreign policy priority for both nations. Jaishankar underscored the long-standing historical ties and mutual respect between India and Russia, emphasizing their commitment to exploring new areas of collaboration beyond traditional sectors like energy, defense, and civil nuclear cooperation. He also noted ambitious plans to increase bilateral trade to USD 100 billion by 2030, with investments from both sides contributing to regional stability and prosperity. Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov participated in the conference, reinforcing the ongoing dialogue between the two countries

Integrated Himalayan Drills: Tri-Service Exercise "Prachand Prahaar",Strategic Deployment: New Infantry Division Bolsters Ladakh Defenses

 1. Integrated Himalayan Drills: Tri-Service Exercise "Prachand Prahaar"

The Indian Army, Air Force, and Navy concluded a rigorous three-day integrated multi-domain exercise, "Prachand Prahaar," in the challenging high-altitude terrain of the Himalayan region along the nation's northern borders. This exercise showcased the seamless integration of unmanned aerial vehicles, space resources, and advanced surveillance assets from all three services. Elite special forces from the Indian Army participated, utilizing these resources to achieve comprehensive domain awareness and effectively detect simulated targets.

2. Strategic Deployment: New Infantry Division Bolsters Ladakh Defenses

In a strategic move to fortify its presence along the Line of Actual Control in Eastern Ladakh, the Indian Army is establishing a new 72 Infantry Division under the Fire and Fury Corps. This division, comprising approximately 10,000 to 15,000 personnel organized into three to four brigades, will operate alongside the existing 3 Division. This "Order of Battle" (ORBAT) initiative involves restructuring and redeploying existing troops to enhance military readiness in the demanding Ladakh terrain. The new division will replace the currently deployed Uniform Force (Division level), which will subsequently return to its original base in Reasi, Jammu.

3. Counter-Insurgency Success: Arms Cache Recovered in Rajouri Forest

Security forces in the Rajouri district of Jammu successfully uncovered a militant hideout during a search operation in the Manyal Gali forests of Thannamandi. Acting on intelligence, a joint operation by the Rashtriya Rifles and the Special Operations Group (SOG) led to the recovery of five live rounds of ammunition, a grenade, a gas cylinder, a small solar panel, and various food supplies. This operation underscores the ongoing efforts to combat militant activity in the region.

4. Defense Procurement: Army Acquires NAMIS and Light Vehicles

The Ministry of Defence has signed contracts worth approximately Rs 2,500 crore for the procurement of critical military equipment. These contracts include the acquisition of the tracked version of the Nag Anti-Tank Missile System (NAMIS), developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), for Rs 1,801.34 crore. Additionally, contracts have been finalized with Force Motors and Mahindra & Mahindra for the supply of around 5,000 light vehicles to the armed forces. NAMIS is a fire-and-forget anti-tank missile system equipped with advanced sighting capabilities.

5. HAL Under Scrutiny: Project Delays and Operational Concerns

Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) faces renewed criticism in Parliament, following delays in Tejas fighter production and the grounding of Dhruv helicopters. A parliamentary panel on public undertakings has raised serious concerns regarding prolonged project timelines, cost overruns, and missed strategic opportunities. The panel highlighted "systemic inefficiencies" that impede HAL's ability to meet the operational demands of the armed forces. This critique follows recent public statements by the IAF Chief, Air Chief Marshal AP Singh, who expressed a lack of confidence in the defense PSU, emphasizing the urgent need for the IAF to induct at least 40 fighters annually to maintain combat readiness.

-ट्रम्प यांना शिंगावर घेणारे कॅनडाचे पंतप्रधान मार्क कार्नी आणि कॅनडा भारत संबंध

https://epaper.mahamtb.com/article.php?mid=Mpage_2025-03-30_39e3e871689b49a7d254430d1bea37e467e8aadb23b34&JSON 

1947-48 INDO PAK WAR VARIOUS BATTLES,MILITARY LEADERS ,LESSONS LEARNT B...

1947-48 INDO PAK WAR VARIOUS BATTLES,MILITARY LEADERS ,LESSONS LEARNT B...

Illegal Bangladeshi /Rohingya migration-Biggest threat to India's national security PART 2

 

Bangladeshi Infiltration and Demographic Shift in Jharkhand’s Tribal Belt

Santhal Pargana: A Region Under Threat

The Santhal Pargana region, encompassing Pakur, Sahibganj, Godda, Jamtara, Dumka, and Deoghar, is experiencing a significant demographic transformation due to the continuous influx of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has repeatedly raised concerns about this issue in the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly, demanding the implementation of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) to identify and deport illegal settlers.

Historically, the Santhal tribe settled in the Rajmahal Hills during the 18th century and played a pivotal role in resisting British rule, most notably in the 1855 Santhal Rebellion, which preceded the 1857 Revolt. The Santhals have long upheld the principle of not selling their land to non-tribals. However, the demographic influx now poses a severe threat to their cultural identity and traditional land ownership.

Special Branch Report Confirms Infiltration

A classified letter from the Special Branch of the Jharkhand government, accessed by CNN-News18, has confirmed large-scale illegal entry of Bangladeshi nationals into Santhal Pargana and other parts of Jharkhand.

The report outlines a systematic process: illegal immigrants are first sheltered in local madrasas, then registered as voters, and later integrated into society. A commonly observed strategy involves their marriage to tribal women, which provides them indirect ownership of tribal land through in-laws.

Ground Investigation: The Reality on the Ground

An on-ground investigation by CNN-News18 across the Santhal Pargana region uncovered unsettling realities. In Godda, groups of Bengali-speaking truck drivers were found gathering at roadside eateries late at night. The eatery’s owner confirmed that they were Bangladeshis residing in Pakur district and were regular customers, though he was unaware of how they had obtained driving licenses.

When questioned about the Special Branch report, Pakur Superintendent of Police Hrudeep P. Janardhanan acknowledged the problem. He stated,
"We received a letter regarding the influx of Bangladeshis. This issue has resurfaced repeatedly. While we face certain limitations, we are working with the Intelligence Bureau (IB) and the Foreigners Registration Office (FRRO) to address it."

Religious Institutions and Changing Demographics

Pakur, which shares a border with West Bengal’s Murshidabad district, has witnessed a rapid increase in the number of madrasas and mosques across both urban and rural areas. An RTI query revealed that Sahibganj alone has 43 state-funded madrasas.

Census data further highlights the shifting demographics:

Between 2001 and 2011, Jharkhand’s overall Muslim population grew by 14%, nearly matching the 14.2% growth of the Santhal population.

In Pakur, the Muslim population surged by 42%, while the Santhal population increased by only 19.51%.

In Sahibganj, the Muslim population rose by 37%, whereas the Santhal population grew by just 10.8%.

Migration and Infiltration Routes

The porous land and riverine borders between India and Bangladesh facilitate illegal infiltration. Once inside India, infiltrators disperse across states using multiple routes:

Via Road: Many enter Jharkhand through Pakur by crossing from Murshidabad in West Bengal.

Via Rail: Upon reaching Pakur or Sahibganj, they board trains to different parts of Jharkhand.

Via River: Some infiltrators cross the Ganga from Sahibganj by boat to reach Katihar in Bihar.

Political Reactions and NRC Demands

The issue has triggered a major political debate. BJP leaders have accused the Jharkhand Mukti Morcha (JMM) and the Congress-led state government of ignoring the problem.

BJP MP Nishikant Dubey alleged:
"Bangladeshi infiltrators are grabbing land, marrying tribal women, and converting them. This has led to a decline in the tribal population and a rise in the Muslim population."

Sahibganj BJP MLA Anant Ojha echoed similar concerns, stating:
"Since the 1990s, a visible demographic shift has taken place. In Udhwa block alone, eight new panchayats have been created, all with a Muslim majority."

He further demanded an NRC based on the 1951 Census and 1952 voter list to identify illegal immigrants.

On the other hand, JMM leaders have dismissed these claims, asserting that the BJP is using the issue for political mileage. However, BJP leaders argue that while border fencing is effective, river crossings remain a major challenge. They emphasize the need for penalizing locals who shelter illegal immigrants and reiterate their call for an NRC in the region.

Tribal Concerns Over Identity and Land Rights

Santhal activist Neeraj Hembrom expressed grave concerns over illegal land acquisition through fraudulent documentation. He pointed out,
"Most illegal immigrants lack proof of residence dating back 30-40 years. Yet, they possess voter IDs and Aadhaar cards."

He highlighted the drastic demographic transformation in the Rajmahal constituency:

In 2008, the Bangladeshi Muslim population was 19%; today, it stands at nearly 40%.

Meanwhile, the tribal population has dropped from 61% to 40%.

He attributed this change to high fertility rates among Bangladeshi Muslims and continued infiltration from Bangladesh, warning that population control measures disproportionately affect tribals, further accelerating the demographic shift.

Legal Action: PIL in Ranchi High Court

Activist Danyaal Danish has filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Ranchi High Court, urging the state to take action against illegal infiltration and its impact on Jharkhand’s tribal demography. The petition also seeks an inquiry into the illegal construction of madrasas and other religious institutions.

The court has admitted the PIL and directed the state government to submit a report .

An Urgent Need for Action

The unchecked influx of Bangladeshi nationals into Jharkhand’s Santhal Pargana region is rapidly altering the demographic landscape, threatening the identity, culture, and land rights of indigenous tribal communities.

While political parties continue their blame game, the core issues—illegal land encroachment, forced demographic change, and the proliferation of religious institutions—remain largely unaddressed.

With the Ranchi High Court’s intervention and increasing public outcry, the demand for Stronger border security,Implementation of the NRC, andStricter action against those facilitating illegal migration. . The future of Jharkhand’s tribal communities hinges on decisive governance and proactive measures to prevent irreversible demographic transformation.

The issue of illegal immigration from Bangladesh into India the primary focus has historically been on the eastern border states, concerns have arisen regarding the spread of this issue to other regions of India.

Traditional Focus (West Bengal, Assam, Tripura, Meghalaya):

The primary areas of concern have traditionally been the states bordering Bangladesh, due to the porous nature of the border.

Bangladeshi Infiltration in Various Indian States:

Uttarakhand:

Concerns have been raised regarding the presence of Bangladeshi migrants in areas like Dehradun and Haridwar, often working in informal sectors. The relative proximity to Delhi and other major cities  acts as a pull factor.

Maharashtra:

Major cities like Mumbai and Pune have seen an influx of migrants from various parts of India, including those suspected to be illegal Bangladeshi immigrants, seeking employment opportunities.

Kerala:

The state's high literacy rate and relatively better economic conditions have attracted migrant workers from various parts of India and neighboring countries. Concerns exist about the identification and verification of these migrants.

Bihar and Jharkhand:

These states share a border with West Bengal, which acts as a transit point. This geographical proximity, and the economic conditions of these states, makes it easier for the migrants to blend in.

Tamil Nadu:

Chennai and other industrial areas in Tamil Nadu are also attracting migrant workers, and there are concerns about the possible presence of illegal immigrants within these groups.

Odisha:

Coastal districts of Odisha have become vulnerable due to sea route infiltration. Furthermore, Major cities like Bhubaneshwar and Cuttack are having migrant workers from all over india, and from neighboring countries.

Factors Contributing to Spread:

Economic opportunities: Migrants seek better livelihood options in urban centers.

Network of agents: Organized networks facilitate illegal entry and provide support.

Document fabrication: The creation of false documents to establish Indian citizenship.

Lack of strict verification: Inconsistent or inadequate verification processes for migrant workers.

Counter Measures to Counter Demographic Invasion In Hinterland.

Improving Identification and Verification:

·         Implementation of a robust national citizenship register.

·         Mandatory verification of migrant workers, especially in urban areas.

·         Use of biometric data for identification.

·         Aadhaar card verification improvement.

Addressing Document Fraud:

·         Stricter enforcement of laws against document forgery.

·         Centralized database for document verification.

·         Regular audits of document issuance processes.

Combating Organized Networks:

·         Intelligence gathering and targeted operations against human trafficking networks.

·         International cooperation to address cross-border crime.

Addressing Socio-Economic Factors:

·         Improving economic opportunities in border areas to reduce the incentive for migration.

·         Addressing the root causes of migration in Bangladesh.

Legal and Administrative Measures:

·         Streamlining the process for identifying and deporting illegal immigrants.

·         Strengthening laws against harboring illegal immigrants.

·         Better cooperation between central and state governments.

·         Creating a national level immigration law.

Public Awareness:

·         Educating the public about the dangers of illegal immigration.

·         Promoting responsible reporting of suspected illegal activities.

Coordination with Local Administration:

·         Improving the coordination between BSF and local civil administrations.

·         Strengthening the local intelligence.

·         Increase the accountability of local officials.

It's crucial to address this issue with a comprehensive and coordinated approach, involving all levels of government and society.

What Else Can Be Done

Illegal immigration poses a severe internal security threat, as many migrants have links to jihadist elements. Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) and Bangladesh’s Directorate General of Forces Intelligence (DGFI) exploit these migrants for disruptive activities.

International Legal Framework

Several international protocols address illegal migration and related threats:

• UN Protocol Against Smuggling of Migrants
• UN Protocol on the Prevention of Illicit Manufacturing and Trafficking of Firearms: Pakistan and China strongly oppose applying this to state-to-state transactions.
• International Regulations on Madrassa Establishments: There is a need for global oversight on the funding and curriculum of madrassas to prevent radicalization.

Legal and Policy Measures

Repealing the Illegal Migration Determination Tribunal (IMDT) Act, 1983

• Under the current law, two individuals within a 3 km radius must file a complaint and pay Rs. 25 to initiate the detection process.
• Complainants must reside in the same police station jurisdiction.
• Police lack the authority to detain, arrest, or search suspected illegal migrants.
• The burden of proof lies on the complainant and the police, making enforcement highly ineffective.

Proposed Amendments

• The Illegal Migrants Act should be revised to streamline the identification process.
• Once identified by two individuals, the suspect must report to the nearest police station to prove their bona fides.
• Police must be granted additional powers for detainment and investigation.
• The base year for detection should be 1971, as per the Indira-Mujib Pact of 1972.

Remedial Measures to Counter Demographic Invasion

• Strengthening Border Policing: Enhancing surveillance, fencing, and border control measures.
• National Identity Card Implementation: Ensuring biometric identification to track illegal immigrants.
• Encouraging Research on Immigration Trends: Data-driven approaches to manage illegal migration.
• Evaluation of Inner Line Permit System: Examining its applicability to sensitive border states.
• Introduction of Temporary Work Permits: Providing controlled employment opportunities while restricting citizenship rights.

Political and Administrative Measures

• White Paper on Illegal Immigration: A committee under the Union Home Ministry should document and analyze migration patterns.
• Sensitization of Local Administration: Officials in border states must be trained on the impact of unchecked immigration.
• Strict Action Against Vote Bank Politics: Public awareness campaigns and vigilant media coverage are essential to curb political manipulation of migrants.
• Monitoring Voter Lists: A special body under the Election Commission should scrutinize voter list expansions in Assam and West Bengal.
• Granting ‘Denizen’ Status: Migrants who have settled in Assam can be granted limited rights, including work permits and healthcare, without voting privileges.

Identification and Documentation

• Multipurpose Photo ID Cards: Mandatory identification for all residents.
• Effective Registration of Births and Deaths: Preventing fraudulent citizenship claims.
• Denial of Voting Rights to Illegal Migrants and Their Descendants.
• Ground Survey Teams: Conducting on-the-ground identification of illegal migrants.
• Stateless Citizen Status: Implementing a policy similar to Germany’s treatment of Turkish migrants.

Security Measures

• Enhanced Professionalism in the BSF: Training and better incentives to prevent corruption.
• Completion of Border Fencing: Special attention to riverine areas.
• Floodlighting and Road Development: Enabling better patrolling.
• Advanced Surveillance Technology: Integrating modern surveillance tools.
• Ongoing Dialogue with Bangladesh: Ensuring cooperation on insurgent activities.
• Monitoring Local Politician-Insurgent Links: A third-party watchdog to oversee political affiliations.
• Creation of Security Belts Along the Border: Establishing restricted zones to prevent infiltration.
• Relocation of Border Outposts and Police Stations.

Riverine Border Patrols

• Floating Border Outposts (BOPs)
• Helicopter Surveillance
• Mandatory Registration of Private Boats

Population Control Measures

• Formation of Village Defense Committees
• Implementation of Inner Line Permits
• Periodic and Special Verifications
• Encouraging Citizens to Report Illegal Settlements
• Identification and Tracking of Smugglers

Surveillance on Officials and Politicians

• Commanders to Monitor Their Subordinates’ Activities
• Encouraging Reporting of Suspicious Contacts
• Discreet Oversight on Suspected Personnel
• Periodic Background Checks for Officials in Border Areas
• Monitoring Unusual Financial Activities

Nationwide Measures

• Public Awareness Campaigns: Unifying citizens against illegal immigration.
• Boycotting Political Parties Practicing Vote Bank Politics.
• Educational Initiatives: Engaging intellectuals, media, and common citizens.
• Solidarity Messages to the Northeast: Reinforcing national unity.
• Implementation of UN Protocols Against Migrant Smuggling.
• International Oversight on Madrassa Establishments.

By implementing these measures, India can effectively counter illegal migration, safeguard national security, and maintain demographic stability in its border regions.