The Naval policy of Shivaji Maharaj

Shivaji Maharaj, recognized the strategic importance of a strong naval force in protecting his kingdom and expanding his influence along the western coast of India. He implemented a well-thought-out naval policy that encompassed several key elements.

 

Shivaji Maharaj created a Navy which was suitable in the coastal waters of Western India, keeping in mind the enemy, the geography and resources available.

Recognizing the importance of defending coastal territories, Shivaji Maharaj fortified numerous strategic locations with strong coastal forts. These forts not only acted as defensive strongholds but also served as bases for the Maratha Navy to launch naval operations and control maritime trade routes.

 

From the point of view of protecting coastline forts were very important.The forts were divided into three types. Type One were the forts located next to the creeks which would keep eye on traffic going through the creeks. Second type were the forts located at important points on the coastline. The third type were forts which were located on small islands which were few kilometres away from the main coastline.

 

The forts where located at height and could keep a surveillance and watch on the area all around. They acted like naval bases for the battleships.

 

Khanberi, Colaba Swarna Durg, Sindhudurg were the Forts built on Islands, while Gopalgarh Purngarh, Jaigarh, Vijay Durga and Devgadh were built on the coastline itself.

 

Shipbuilding and Infrastructure: Shivaji Maharaj emphasized the construction of well-designed ships suitable for coastal waters. He established shipyards at various locations along the coast, to facilitate the production and maintenance of naval vessels. These shipyards played a crucial role in ensuring a steady supply of ships for the Maratha Navy.

 

Naval Bases and Dockyards: To support the operations of his naval fleet, Shivaji Maharaj established naval bases and dockyards at strategic locations. These bases provided a secure haven for Maratha warships and facilitated maintenance, repairs, and resupply activities.

 

Naval Intelligence and Surveillance: Shivaji Maharaj emphasized gathering intelligence about enemy movements and maintaining surveillance over coastal waters. He employed a network of spies and informants who provided vital information on enemy activities, ensuring that the Maratha Navy was well-informed and prepared to counter any threats.

 

Maritime Trade and Piracy: Shivaji Maharaj recognized the importance of maritime trade for the economic growth of his kingdom. He encouraged trade activities along the coast, established favorable trade policies, and protected Maratha traders from piracy. He took proactive measures to curb piracy by launching naval expeditions against pirates, thereby ensuring the safety of maritime commerce.